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Steam/oxygen gasification of dried sewage sludge in a two-stage gasifier: Effects of the steam to fuel ratio and ash of the activated carbon on the production of hydrogen and tar removal

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  • Choi, Young-Kon
  • Cho, Min-Hwan
  • Kim, Joo-Sik

Abstract

Steam/oxygen gasification of dried sewage sludge was performed in a two-stage gasifier to produce an H2-rich and tar-free syngas. The experiment mainly investigated the effects of activated carbon, ash of activated carbon, steam to fuel ratio and the combination of additives on syngas quality. In the results, all the syngases obtained with activated carbon did not contain any tar. Activated carbon increased the H2 production and decreased the NH3 content in syngas. Acid-treated activated carbon, which has less ash content than the original activated carbon, was less active in tar cracking and H2 production. The steam to fuel ratio had a strong influence on syngas quality, causing a significant rise in the H2 and NH3 contents in syngas at a high steam to fuel ratio. The extra addition of CaO and activated carbon to the base additive (activated carbon) led to increased H2 production and active tar cracking. The maximum H2 content in syngas (52.2 vol%) was obtained with 2.5 kg of activated carbon at a steam to fuel ratio of 0.52. The minimum NH3 content in syngas was 20 ppm.

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  • Choi, Young-Kon & Cho, Min-Hwan & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2015. "Steam/oxygen gasification of dried sewage sludge in a two-stage gasifier: Effects of the steam to fuel ratio and ash of the activated carbon on the production of hydrogen and tar removal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 160-167.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:91:y:2015:i:c:p:160-167
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.08.027
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Udomsirichakorn, Jakkapong & Salam, P. Abdul, 2014. "Review of hydrogen-enriched gas production from steam gasification of biomass: The prospect of CaO-based chemical looping gasification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 565-579.
    2. Cho, Min-Hwan & Mun, Tae-Young & Choi, Young-Kon & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2014. "Two-stage air gasification of mixed plastic waste: Olivine as the bed material and effects of various additives and a nickel-plated distributor on the tar removal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 128-134.
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    5. Cho, Min-Hwan & Mun, Tae-Young & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2013. "Air gasification of mixed plastic wastes using calcined dolomite and activated carbon in a two-stage gasifier to reduce tar," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 299-305.
    6. Cho, Min-Hwan & Mun, Tae-Young & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2013. "Production of low-tar producer gas from air gasification of mixed plastic waste in a two-stage gasifier using olivine combined with activated carbon," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 688-694.
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    2. Buentello-Montoya, D.A. & Zhang, X. & Li, J., 2019. "The use of gasification solid products as catalysts for tar reforming," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 399-412.
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    4. Yang, Xiaoxia & Tian, Sicong & Kan, Tao & Zhu, Yuxiang & Xu, Honghui & Strezov, Vladimir & Nelson, Peter & Jiang, Yijiao, 2019. "Sorption-enhanced thermochemical conversion of sewage sludge to syngas with intensified carbon utilization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    5. Al-Rahbi, Amal S. & Williams, Paul T., 2017. "Hydrogen-rich syngas production and tar removal from biomass gasification using sacrificial tyre pyrolysis char," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 501-509.
    6. Kim, Jae-Kyung & Jeong, Yong-Seong & Kim, Jong-Woo & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2023. "Two-stage thermochemical conversion of polyethylene terephthalate using steam to produce a clean and H2- and CO-rich syngas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    7. Choi, Young-Kon & Ko, Ji-Ho & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2017. "A new type three-stage gasification of dried sewage sludge: Effects of equivalence ratio, weight ratio of activated carbon to feed, and feed rate on gas composition and tar, NH3, and H2S removal and r," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 139-146.
    8. Lin, Chiou-Liang & Chou, Jing-Dong & Iu, Chi-Hou, 2020. "Effects of second-stage bed materials on hydrogen production in the syngas of a two-stage gasification process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 903-912.
    9. Choi, Min-Jun & Jeong, Yong-Seong & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2021. "Air gasification of polyethylene terephthalate using a two-stage gasifier with active carbon for the production of H2 and CO," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    10. Choi, Young-Kon & Mun, Tae-Young & Cho, Min-Hwan & Kim, Joo-Sik, 2016. "Gasification of dried sewage sludge in a newly developed three-stage gasifier: Effect of each reactor temperature on the producer gas composition and impurity removal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 121-128.
    11. Ma, Jing & Chen, Mengjun & Yang, Tianxue & Liu, Zhengang & Jiao, Wentao & Li, Dong & Gai, Chao, 2019. "Gasification performance of the hydrochar derived from co-hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge and sawdust," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 732-739.
    12. Upadhyay, Darshit S. & Panchal, Krunal R. & Sakhiya, Anil Kumar V & Patel, Rajesh N., 2020. "Air-Steam gasification of lignite in a fixed bed gasifier: Influence of steam to lignite ratio on performance of downdraft gasifier," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

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