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Potential of organic Rankine cycle technology in India: Working fluid selection and feasibility study

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  • Sarkar, Jahar
  • Bhattacharyya, Souvik

Abstract

India has great potential to employ the ORC (organic Rankine cycle) technology for conversion of low temperature waste heat and renewable energy. In this study, available waste heat and relevant renewable heat sources in India are reviewed and suitable working fluids for ORC have been selected based on operational, environmental and safety criteria. A feasibility study and comparison of selected fluids for ORC is also presented for Indian climates along with discussions on component, operation and cost related aspects. A comprehensive review on available heat sources and sinks shows that India has plenty of waste heat and renewable energy sources for electricity generation by means of ORC; however, condenser operation may be challenging due to wide ambient temperature variation. Appropriate performance comparison among selected working fluids shows that ammonia is the best fluid in terms of net power generation and compactness of turbo-machineries, whereas n-Pentane is the best fluid in terms of thermal efficiency and heat exchanger compactness. Both are recommended as working fluids for ORC installations in India. The study reveals that there is a great opportunity to employ this technology in India provided we have to overcome some challenges related to component selection, finance and maintenance.

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  • Sarkar, Jahar & Bhattacharyya, Souvik, 2015. "Potential of organic Rankine cycle technology in India: Working fluid selection and feasibility study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1618-1625.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:90:y:2015:i:p2:p:1618-1625
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.07.001
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    3. Tailu Li & Jingyi Wang & Yao Zhang & Ruizhao Gao & Xiang Gao, 2023. "Thermodynamic Performance Comparison of CCHP System Based on Organic Rankine Cycle and Two-Stage Vapor Compression Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, February.
    4. Srivastava, Mayank & Sarkar, Jahar & Sarkar, Arnab & Maheshwari, N.K. & Antony, A., 2024. "Thermo-economic feasibility study to utilize ORC technology for waste heat recovery from Indian nuclear power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    5. Sarkar, Jahar, 2018. "Generalized pinch point design method of subcritical-supercritical organic Rankine cycle for maximum heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 141-150.
    6. Varma, G.V. Pradeep & Srinivas, T., 2017. "Power generation from low temperature heat recovery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 402-414.
    7. Mondejar, M.E. & Andreasen, J.G. & Pierobon, L. & Larsen, U. & Thern, M. & Haglind, F., 2018. "A review of the use of organic Rankine cycle power systems for maritime applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 126-151.
    8. Chintala, Venkateswarlu & Kumar, Suresh & Pandey, Jitendra K., 2018. "A technical review on waste heat recovery from compression ignition engines using organic Rankine cycle," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 493-509.
    9. Kang, Lixia & Tang, Jianping & Liu, Yongzhong, 2020. "Optimal design of an organic Rankine cycle system considering the expected variations on heat sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).

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