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Cooling energy efficiency and classroom air environment of a school building operated by the heat recovery air conditioning unit

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  • Wang, Yang
  • Zhao, Fu-Yun
  • Kuckelkorn, Jens
  • Liu, Di
  • Liu, Li-Qun
  • Pan, Xiao-Chuan

Abstract

The recently-built school buildings have adopted novel heat recovery ventilator and air conditioning system. Heat recovery efficiency of the heat recovery facility and energy conservation ratio of the air conditioning unit were analytically modeled, taking the ventilation networks into account. Following that, school classroom displacement ventilation and its thermal stratification and indoor air quality indicated by the CO2 concentration have been numerically modeled concerning the effects of delivering ventilation flow rate and supplying air temperature. Numerical results indicate that the promotion of mechanical ventilation rate can simultaneously boost the dilution of indoor air pollutants and the non-uniformity of indoor thermal and pollutant distributions. Subsequent energy performance analysis demonstrates that classroom energy demands for ventilation and cooling could be reduced with the promotion of heat recovery efficiency of the ventilation facility, and the energy conservation ratio of the air conditioning unit decreases with the increasing temperatures of supplying air. Fitting correlations of heat recovery ventilation and cooling energy conservation have been presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Yang & Zhao, Fu-Yun & Kuckelkorn, Jens & Liu, Di & Liu, Li-Qun & Pan, Xiao-Chuan, 2014. "Cooling energy efficiency and classroom air environment of a school building operated by the heat recovery air conditioning unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 991-1001.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:64:y:2014:i:c:p:991-1001
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.11.066
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Zhang, Li-Zhi, 2016. "A reliability-based optimization of membrane-type total heat exchangers under uncertain design parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 390-401.
    6. Gil-Baez, Maite & Barrios-Padura, Ángela & Molina-Huelva, Marta & Chacartegui, R., 2017. "Natural ventilation systems in 21st-century for near zero energy school buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 1186-1200.
    7. Gil-Baez, Maite & Padura, Ángela Barrios & Huelva, Marta Molina, 2019. "Passive actions in the building envelope to enhance sustainability of schools in a Mediterranean climate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 144-158.
    8. Carmen María Calama-González & Ángel Luis León-Rodríguez & Rafael Suárez, 2019. "Indoor Air Quality Assessment: Comparison of Ventilation Scenarios for Retrofitting Classrooms in a Hot Climate," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Aurora Greta Ruggeri & Laura Gabrielli & Massimiliano Scarpa, 2020. "Energy Retrofit in European Building Portfolios: A Review of Five Key Aspects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-38, September.
    10. Lizana, Jesus & Serrano-Jimenez, Antonio & Ortiz, Carlos & Becerra, Jose A. & Chacartegui, Ricardo, 2018. "Energy assessment method towards low-carbon energy schools," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 310-326.
    11. Carla Balocco & Alessandro Colaianni, 2018. "Modelling of Reversible Plant System Operations in a Cultural Heritage School Building for Indoor Thermal Comfort," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-16, October.
    12. Turanjanin, Valentina & Vučićević, Biljana & Jovanović, Marina & Mirkov, Nikola & Lazović, Ivan, 2014. "Indoor CO2 measurements in Serbian schools and ventilation rate calculation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 290-296.
    13. Michele Zinzi & Francesca Pagliaro & Stefano Agnoli & Fabio Bisegna & Domenico Iatauro, 2021. "On the Built-Environment Quality in Nearly Zero-Energy Renovated Schools: Assessment and Impact of Passive Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, May.
    14. Wang, Yang & Shukla, Ashish & Liu, Shuli, 2017. "A state of art review on methodologies for heat transfer and energy flow characteristics of the active building envelopes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1102-1116.
    15. Ling-Yi Chang & Tong-Bou Chang, 2023. "Air Conditioning Operation Strategies for Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in Taiwan’s Elementary Schools," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-19, March.
    16. Cui, X. & Islam, M.R. & Chua, K.J., 2019. "Experimental study and energy saving potential analysis of a hybrid air treatment cooling system in tropical climates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1016-1026.

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