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Soot emission reduction via magnetic field coupling with carbon dioxide in diffusion flames

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  • Yang, Kaixuan
  • Ying, Yaoyao
  • Qi, Dandan
  • Yu, Runtian
  • Chen, Chen
  • Chen, Mingxiao
  • Yan, Weijie
  • Yan, Jianhua
  • Liu, Dong

Abstract

Considering that soot particles emitted from industrial combustion equipment were substantial contributors to global warming and human health issue, the reduction of soot emission via magnetic field coupled with carbon dioxide (CO2) was explored in this study. As high as an 85 % reduction in soot mass emissions from exhaust gas of inverse diffusion flames could be achieved by introducing a 2T magnetic field and substituting nitrogen (N2) with CO2 as the dilution gas, indicating that magnetic fields could effectively synergize with CO2 to reduce soot emission. Furthermore, to gain insight into the principles of soot reduction, the soot nanostructure and graphitization degree was investigated using the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. It was discovered that the nanostructure of soot particles became more disordered and exhibited a lower graphitic degree in the presence of magnetic field and CO2, leading to higher oxidation activity. This finding suggested that magnetic fields and CO2 addition inhibited soot formation primarily through suppressing the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) nucleation and soot surface growth. Given its excellent performance in reducing soot emissions, magnetic field synergistic CO2 was a promising strategy for developing cleaner combustion devices.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Kaixuan & Ying, Yaoyao & Qi, Dandan & Yu, Runtian & Chen, Chen & Chen, Mingxiao & Yan, Weijie & Yan, Jianhua & Liu, Dong, 2025. "Soot emission reduction via magnetic field coupling with carbon dioxide in diffusion flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:328:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225022121
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136570
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Koegl, M. & Hofbeck, B. & Will, S. & Zigan, L., 2018. "Investigation of soot formation and oxidation of ethanol and butanol fuel blends in a DISI engine at different exhaust gas recirculation rates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 426-434.
    2. Qi, Dandan & Yang, Kaixuan & Zhao, Xuan & Mei, Danhua & Ying, Yaoyao & Xu, Lei & Tu, Xin & Liu, Dong, 2022. "Comprehensive optical diagnostics for flame behavior and soot emission response to a non-equilibrium plasma," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    3. Fordoei, Esmaeil Ebrahimi & Boyaghchi, Fateme Ahmadi, 2022. "Influence of wall thermal conditions on the ignition, flame structure, and temperature behaviors in air-fuel, oxygen-enhanced, and oxy-fuel combustion under the MILD and high-temperature regimes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    4. Bo Jiang & Pengfei Wang & Yaoyao Ying & Minye Luo & Dong Liu, 2018. "Nanoscale Characteristics and Reactivity of Nascent Soot from n -Heptane/2,5-Dimethylfuran Inverse Diffusion Flames with/without Magnetic Fields," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-21, July.
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