IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v317y2025ics036054422500132x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Health indicator construction and health status evaluation for the photovoltaic array based on the current–voltage curve conversion

Author

Listed:
  • Chen, Xiang
  • Jiang, Meng
  • Li, Qing
  • Ding, Kun
  • Zhang, Jingwei
  • Yang, Zenan
  • Rehman, Anees Ur
  • Hasanien, Hany M.

Abstract

This paper presents a novel health status evaluation (HSE) method for photovoltaic (PV) arrays based on current–voltage (I–V) curve conversion. The primary objective is to develop a reliable and efficient approach for fault detection and health monitoring of PV systems. First, the proposed method utilizes the I–V conversion method to eliminate the impact of ambient conditions for the measured I–V curves. Then, the health indicator (HI) is calculated by measuring the Euclidean distance (ED) between the normal and faulted I–V curves. Finally, the trapezoidal membership function is used to map HI values to five health grades: healthy, subhealthy, abnormal, poor, and faulted. Detailed explanation of the selection of key HI parameters is provided in experiments, which also demonstrate the rationality and superiority of the trapezoidal membership function. Experimental results showed that the method accurately classifies health grades with an overall accuracy above 99% for both simulation and real-world data. The proposed methods demonstrate high reliability in detecting faults, e.g., partial shading, short-circuit, and degradation. This study provides a robust tool for PV system monitoring and maintenance, offering significant potential for enhancing operational efficiency and reducing maintenance costs in PV plants.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Xiang & Jiang, Meng & Li, Qing & Ding, Kun & Zhang, Jingwei & Yang, Zenan & Rehman, Anees Ur & Hasanien, Hany M., 2025. "Health indicator construction and health status evaluation for the photovoltaic array based on the current–voltage curve conversion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:317:y:2025:i:c:s036054422500132x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.134490
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036054422500132X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.134490?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rehman, Shafiqur & El-Amin, Ibrahim, 2012. "Performance evaluation of an off-grid photovoltaic system in Saudi Arabia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 451-458.
    2. Fouad, M.M. & Shihata, Lamia A. & Morgan, ElSayed I., 2017. "An integrated review of factors influencing the perfomance of photovoltaic panels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1499-1511.
    3. Kara Mostefa Khelil, Chérifa & Amrouche, Badia & Benyoucef, Abou soufiane & Kara, Kamel & Chouder, Aissa, 2020. "New Intelligent Fault Diagnosis (IFD) approach for grid-connected photovoltaic systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    4. Kim, Byungil & Kim, Changyoon, 2018. "Estimating the effect of module failures on the gross generation of a photovoltaic system using agent-based modeling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1019-1024.
    5. Tsanakas, John A. & Ha, Long & Buerhop, Claudia, 2016. "Faults and infrared thermographic diagnosis in operating c-Si photovoltaic modules: A review of research and future challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 695-709.
    6. Ding, Kun & Chen, Xiang & Jiang, Meng & Yang, Hang & Chen, Xihui & Zhang, Jingwei & Gao, Ruiguang & Cui, Liu, 2024. "Feature extraction and fault diagnosis of photovoltaic array based on current–voltage conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PB).
    7. Dhimish, Mahmoud & Holmes, Violeta & Mehrdadi, Bruce & Dales, Mark & Mather, Peter, 2017. "Photovoltaic fault detection algorithm based on theoretical curves modelling and fuzzy classification system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 276-290.
    8. Wang, Haizheng & Zhao, Jian & Sun, Qian & Zhu, Honglu, 2019. "Probability modeling for PV array output interval and its application in fault diagnosis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    9. Do, M. Hung & Söffker, Dirk, 2021. "State-of-the-art in integrated prognostics and health management control for utility-scale wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    10. Gregory W. Vogl & Brian A. Weiss & Moneer Helu, 2019. "A review of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities and best practices for manufacturing," Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, vol. 30(1), pages 79-95, January.
    11. Li, Yuanliang & Ding, Kun & Zhang, Jingwei & Chen, Fudong & Chen, Xiang & Wu, Jiabing, 2019. "A fault diagnosis method for photovoltaic arrays based on fault parameters identification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 52-63.
    12. Amrouche, Badia & Guessoum, Abderrezak & Belhamel, Maiouf, 2012. "A simple behavioural model for solar module electric characteristics based on the first order system step response for MPPT study and comparison," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 395-404.
    13. Chine, W. & Mellit, A. & Lughi, V. & Malek, A. & Sulligoi, G. & Massi Pavan, A., 2016. "A novel fault diagnosis technique for photovoltaic systems based on artificial neural networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 501-512.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hong, Ying-Yi & Pula, Rolando A., 2022. "Detection and classification of faults in photovoltaic arrays using a 3D convolutional neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    2. Mellit, A. & Tina, G.M. & Kalogirou, S.A., 2018. "Fault detection and diagnosis methods for photovoltaic systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1-17.
    3. Ding, Kun & Chen, Xiang & Jiang, Meng & Yang, Hang & Chen, Xihui & Zhang, Jingwei & Gao, Ruiguang & Cui, Liu, 2024. "Feature extraction and fault diagnosis of photovoltaic array based on current–voltage conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PB).
    4. Kapucu, Ceyhun & Cubukcu, Mete, 2021. "A supervised ensemble learning method for fault diagnosis in photovoltaic strings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    5. Kara Mostefa Khelil, Chérifa & Amrouche, Badia & Benyoucef, Abou soufiane & Kara, Kamel & Chouder, Aissa, 2020. "New Intelligent Fault Diagnosis (IFD) approach for grid-connected photovoltaic systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    6. Youssouf Mouleloued & Kamel Kara & Aissa Chouder & Abdelhadi Aouaichia & Santiago Silvestre, 2025. "Euclidean Distance-Based Tree Algorithm for Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-24, April.
    7. Tingting Pei & Xiaohong Hao, 2019. "A Fault Detection Method for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Voltage and Current Observation and Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, May.
    8. Livera, Andreas & Theristis, Marios & Makrides, George & Georghiou, George E., 2019. "Recent advances in failure diagnosis techniques based on performance data analysis for grid-connected photovoltaic systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 126-143.
    9. Mellit, Adel & Kalogirou, Soteris, 2021. "Artificial intelligence and internet of things to improve efficacy of diagnosis and remote sensing of solar photovoltaic systems: Challenges, recommendations and future directions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    10. Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj & Ali Mostafaeipour & Karthikeyan Velmurugan & Kuaanan Techato & Prem Kumar Chaurasiya & Jenoris Muthiya Solomon & Anitha Gopalan & Khamphe Phoungthong, 2021. "An Effective Evaluation on Fault Detection in Solar Panels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-14, November.
    11. Wang, Haizheng & Zhao, Jian & Sun, Qian & Zhu, Honglu, 2019. "Probability modeling for PV array output interval and its application in fault diagnosis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    12. Ding, Kun & Chen, Xiang & Weng, Shuai & Liu, Yongjie & Zhang, Jingwei & Li, Yuanliang & Yang, Zenan, 2023. "Health status evaluation of photovoltaic array based on deep belief network and Hausdorff distance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    13. Sufyan Samara & Emad Natsheh, 2020. "Intelligent PV Panels Fault Diagnosis Method Based on NARX Network and Linguistic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
    14. Li, B. & Delpha, C. & Diallo, D. & Migan-Dubois, A., 2021. "Application of Artificial Neural Networks to photovoltaic fault detection and diagnosis: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    15. Jingwei Zhang & Zenan Yang & Kun Ding & Li Feng & Frank Hamelmann & Xihui Chen & Yongjie Liu & Ling Chen, 2022. "Modeling of Photovoltaic Array Based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Using Residuals of I–V Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-17, September.
    16. Mellit, Adel & Kalogirou, Soteris, 2022. "Assessment of machine learning and ensemble methods for fault diagnosis of photovoltaic systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1074-1090.
    17. Qu, Jiaqi & Sun, Qiang & Qian, Zheng & Wei, Lu & Zareipour, Hamidreza, 2024. "Fault diagnosis for PV arrays considering dust impact based on transformed graphical features of characteristic curves and convolutional neural network with CBAM modules," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    18. Gong, Bin & An, Aimin & Shi, Yaoke & Zhang, Xuemin, 2024. "Fast fault detection method for photovoltaic arrays with adaptive deep multiscale feature enhancement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PA).
    19. Mojgan Hojabri & Samuel Kellerhals & Govinda Upadhyay & Benjamin Bowler, 2022. "IoT-Based PV Array Fault Detection and Classification Using Embedded Supervised Learning Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-18, March.
    20. Cuesta, Jokin & Leturiondo, Urko & Vidal, Yolanda & Pozo, Francesc, 2025. "A review of prognostics and health management techniques in wind energy," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:317:y:2025:i:c:s036054422500132x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.