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Cycle performance analysis of hybrid battery thermal management system coupling phase change material with liquid cooling for lithium-ion battery module operated at high C-rates

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  • Xu, Qiang
  • Xie, Yajun
  • Li, Xinyu
  • Li, Li
  • Zheng, Keqing
  • Bei, Shaoyi

Abstract

High performance battery thermal management system (BTMS) is urgently needed to satisfy the severe cooling demand of battery modules operated at high C-rates during continuous charging-discharging cycles. Hybrid BTMS coupling phase change material (PCM) with liquid cooling is a promising solution which attracts great attention in recent years. Here, cycle performance of the hybrid system is analyzed in detail via comparison with the pure PCM system to examine its reliability and demonstrate its superiority during continuous 3C-charging and 4C-discharging cycles. Effects of PCM melting temperature are studied and RT44HC is found a suitable PCM choice with appropriate melting temperature. Analysis of the first three cycles is proved important and basically sufficient as system thermal behavior stabilizes afterwards. Further, interacting mechanisms of expanded graphite (EG) content and battery distance on system cooling performance are elucidated and their possible combinations satisfying temperature requirements of battery module in both temperature rise and temperature uniformity are presented. Optimal combination of EG content and battery distance is 3 % and 3 mm. Effects of coolant velocity are also investigated and suitable velocity for the optimized hybrid system is set at 0.01 ms−1 to achieve balance between cooling performance and auxiliary energy cost.

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  • Xu, Qiang & Xie, Yajun & Li, Xinyu & Li, Li & Zheng, Keqing & Bei, Shaoyi, 2024. "Cycle performance analysis of hybrid battery thermal management system coupling phase change material with liquid cooling for lithium-ion battery module operated at high C-rates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:308:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224026215
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132847
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liu, Huaqiang & Ahmad, Shakeel & Shi, Yu & Zhao, Jiyun, 2021. "A parametric study of a hybrid battery thermal management system that couples PCM/copper foam composite with helical liquid channel cooling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
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    1. Zhang, Zihui & Han, Dong & Xiong, Jiaming & Lin, Zhiwei & Tang, Peihao & Wang, Hejing & He, Weifeng, 2025. "Evaluation of a novel indirect liquid-cooling system for energy storage batteries via mechanical vapor recompression and falling film evaporation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    2. Suresh, C. & Awasthi, Abhishek & Kumar, Binit & Im, Seong-kyun & Jeon, Yongseok, 2025. "Advances in battery thermal management for electric vehicles: A comprehensive review of hybrid PCM-metal foam and immersion cooling technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).

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