Predictive hierarchical eco-driving control involving speed planning and energy management for connected plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

The connected vehicle technique has offered great opportunities to improve further plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) fuel economy. In this context, a predictive hierarchical eco-driving control scheme is proposed for connected PHEVs under a car-following scenario containing a cloud-layer speed planner and vehicle-layer energy management. In the cloud layer, based on the traffic data separately processed by the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm and k-means clustering method, the reference state of charge (SOC) model, the energy consumption model, the equivalent factor model and the variable-horizon speed predictor can be constructed, respectively. And for ensuring safety, comfort and fuel economy in the car-following process, the energy and SOC models are used separately as the index and state equation in the data-driven speed planning problem. Then, with the driving pattern recognition technique, the power allocation under the planned speed can be conducted by integrating the adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) with the model predictive control (MPC), thus guaranteeing fuel economy, adaptability and near-global optimality with high computational efficiency. Compared with other strategies, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed scheme are validated in the joint simulation platform of MATLAB/Simulink and GT-SUITE.