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Forecasting renewable energy generation with a novel flexible nonlinear multivariable discrete grey prediction model

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  • Ding, Yuanping
  • Dang, Yaoguo

Abstract

Accurate prediction of renewable energy generation can provide a reference for policymakers to formulate energy development strategies. However, it is difficult to predict the renewable energy generation due to its nonlinear feature. Given this situation, this paper presents a novel flexible nonlinear multivariable discrete grey prediction model with power exponential terms and adjustable time power item. To improve the generalization ability and avoid the over-fitting problem, the hold-out cross validation method and Grey Wolf Optimizer are designed to solve hyper-parameters. For validation purpose, the novel model is implemented to predict the hydropower and total renewable energy generation in China. Results show that the new model has higher prediction accuracy than other competing models, and the prediction accuracy of the model in two cases is at least 57.5995% and 42.3322% higher than similar grey models. The findings also indicate that the hydropower and total renewable energy generation will reach 1469346.28 GWh and 2711622.04 GWh in 2023 with an average growth rate of 3.0232% and 8.6909%, respectively, and the share of hydropower generation is projected to fall to 54.1870% in 2023. Based on the superior modeling performance, the prediction model can be extended for renewable energy generation prediction in other countries.

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  • Ding, Yuanping & Dang, Yaoguo, 2023. "Forecasting renewable energy generation with a novel flexible nonlinear multivariable discrete grey prediction model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:277:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223010587
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127664
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    5. Duan, Tianyao & Guo, Huan & Qi, Xiao & Sun, Ming & Forrest, Jeffrey, 2024. "A novel information enhanced Grey Lotka–Volterra model driven by system mechanism and data for energy forecasting of WEET project in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
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    7. Muhammet Mesut Ertilav & Muhammet Burak Kılıç, 2024. "Forecasting the Population of Türkiye Using Grey Models," Alphanumeric Journal, Bahadir Fatih Yildirim, vol. 12(3), pages 227-248, December.
    8. Xinxin Zhang & Kaili Xu, 2025. "Analysis and prediction of CO2 emissions from commercial energy consumption and emission reduction potential of renewable energy in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(5), pages 10835-10856, May.
    9. Chen, Yunxiao & Lin, Chaojing & Zhang, Yilan & Liu, Jinfu & Yu, Daren, 2024. "Proactive failure warning for wind power forecast models based on volatility indicators analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
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    11. Leng, Ya-Jun & Li, Xiao-Shuang & Zhang, Huan, 2024. "NSGA-T: A novel evaluation method for renewable energy plans," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).

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