IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v262y2023ipbs0360544222022459.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Reduction of supply temperature in existing district heating: A review of strategies and implementations

Author

Listed:
  • Guelpa, E.
  • Capone, M.
  • Sciacovelli, A.
  • Vasset, N.
  • Baviere, R.
  • Verda, V.

Abstract

Most of the existing district heating systems are second and third generation and operate with supply temperature above 80–100 °C. To meet long-term decarbonization targets, existing networks should be transformed into low-temperature systems in a cost-effective manner. This paper presents a critical review on the strategies that can be adopted to reduce the supply temperature in existing district heating networks taking advantage of previous studies (both research projects and scientific papers) and forerunner experiences. This includes a review of the constraints met during transition and the possible strategies/actions to overcome them, along with the actions to boost the change.

Suggested Citation

  • Guelpa, E. & Capone, M. & Sciacovelli, A. & Vasset, N. & Baviere, R. & Verda, V., 2023. "Reduction of supply temperature in existing district heating: A review of strategies and implementations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:262:y:2023:i:pb:s0360544222022459
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125363
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222022459
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2022.125363?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yang, Xiaochen & Svendsen, Svend, 2018. "Ultra-low temperature district heating system with central heat pump and local boosters for low-heat-density area: Analyses on a real case in Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 243-251.
    2. Köfinger, M. & Basciotti, D. & Schmidt, R.R. & Meissner, E. & Doczekal, C. & Giovannini, A., 2016. "Low temperature district heating in Austria: Energetic, ecologic and economic comparison of four case studies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 95-104.
    3. Ioan Sarbu & Emilian Stefan Valea, 2015. "Energy Savings Potential for Pumping Water in District Heating Stations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-15, May.
    4. Siano, Pierluigi, 2014. "Demand response and smart grids—A survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 461-478.
    5. Li, Hongwei & Svendsen, Svend, 2012. "Energy and exergy analysis of low temperature district heating network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 237-246.
    6. Dalla Rosa, A. & Christensen, J.E., 2011. "Low-energy district heating in energy-efficient building areas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 6890-6899.
    7. Pipiciello, Mauro & Caldera, Matteo & Cozzini, Marco & Ancona, Maria A. & Melino, Francesco & Di Pietra, Biagio, 2021. "Experimental characterization of a prototype of bidirectional substation for district heating with thermal prosumers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    8. Pia Manz & Katerina Kermeli & Urban Persson & Marius Neuwirth & Tobias Fleiter & Wina Crijns-Graus, 2021. "Decarbonizing District Heating in EU-27 + UK: How Much Excess Heat Is Available from Industrial Sites?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-34, January.
    9. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2018. "Model for optimal malfunction management in extended district heating networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 519-530.
    10. Arpagaus, Cordin & Bless, Frédéric & Uhlmann, Michael & Schiffmann, Jürg & Bertsch, Stefan S., 2018. "High temperature heat pumps: Market overview, state of the art, research status, refrigerants, and application potentials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 985-1010.
    11. Nuytten, Thomas & Claessens, Bert & Paredis, Kristof & Van Bael, Johan & Six, Daan, 2013. "Flexibility of a combined heat and power system with thermal energy storage for district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 583-591.
    12. Aoun, Nadine & Bavière, Roland & Vallée, Mathieu & Aurousseau, Antoine & Sandou, Guillaume, 2019. "Modelling and flexible predictive control of buildings space-heating demand in district heating systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    13. Rismanchi, B., 2017. "District energy network (DEN), current global status and future development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 571-579.
    14. Wahlroos, Mikko & Pärssinen, Matti & Manner, Jukka & Syri, Sanna, 2017. "Utilizing data center waste heat in district heating – Impacts on energy efficiency and prospects for low-temperature district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 1228-1238.
    15. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    16. Guelpa, Elisa & Marincioni, Ludovica, 2019. "Demand side management in district heating systems by innovative control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    17. Averfalk, Helge & Werner, Sven, 2020. "Economic benefits of fourth generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    18. Jangsten, M. & Kensby, J. & Dalenbäck, J.-O. & Trüschel, A., 2017. "Survey of radiator temperatures in buildings supplied by district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 292-301.
    19. Tunzi, Michele & Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Svendsen, Svend & Boukhanouf, Rabah & Cooper, Edward, 2016. "Method to investigate and plan the application of low temperature district heating to existing hydraulic radiator systems in existing buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 413-421.
    20. Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Tunzi, Michele & Salenbien, Robbe & Svendsen, Svend, 2021. "Strategy for low-temperature operation of radiator systems using data from existing digital heat cost allocators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    21. Topal, Halil İbrahim & Tol, Hakan İbrahim & Kopaç, Mehmet & Arabkoohsar, Ahmad, 2022. "Energy, exergy and economic investigation of operating temperature impacts on district heating systems: Transition from high to low-temperature networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    22. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2021. "Demand response and other demand side management techniques for district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    23. Mieczysław Dzierzgowski, 2021. "Verification and Improving the Heat Transfer Model in Radiators in the Wide Change Operating Parameters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-30, October.
    24. Ommen, Torben & Markussen, Wiebke Brix & Elmegaard, Brian, 2014. "Heat pumps in combined heat and power systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 989-1000.
    25. Guelpa, Elisa & Sciacovelli, Adriano & Verda, Vittorio, 2019. "Thermo-fluid dynamic model of large district heating networks for the analysis of primary energy savings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 34-44.
    26. Nord, Natasa & Løve Nielsen, Elise Kristine & Kauko, Hanne & Tereshchenko, Tymofii, 2018. "Challenges and potentials for low-temperature district heating implementation in Norway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 889-902.
    27. Saletti, Costanza & Zimmerman, Nathan & Morini, Mirko & Kyprianidis, Konstantinos & Gambarotta, Agostino, 2021. "Enabling smart control by optimally managing the State of Charge of district heating networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    28. Lake, Andrew & Rezaie, Behanz & Beyerlein, Steven, 2017. "Review of district heating and cooling systems for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 417-425.
    29. Somogyi, Viola & Sebestyén, Viktor & Domokos, Endre, 2018. "Assessment of wastewater heat potential for district heating in Hungary," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 712-721.
    30. Ziemele, Jelena & Cilinskis, Einars & Blumberga, Dagnija, 2018. "Pathway and restriction in district heating systems development towards 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 108-118.
    31. Kim, Ryunhee & Hong, Yejin & Choi, Youngwoong & Yoon, Sungmin, 2021. "System-level fouling detection of district heating substations using virtual-sensor-assisted building automation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    32. Guelpa, Elisa & Marincioni, Ludovica & Deputato, Stefania & Capone, Martina & Amelio, Stefano & Pochettino, Enrico & Verda, Vittorio, 2019. "Demand side management in district heating networks: A real application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 433-442.
    33. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2019. "Thermal energy storage in district heating and cooling systems: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    34. Gadd, Henrik & Werner, Sven, 2015. "Fault detection in district heating substations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 51-59.
    35. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Svendsen, Svend, 2019. "Costs and benefits of preparing existing Danish buildings for low-temperature district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 718-727.
    36. Danhong Wang & Jan Carmeliet & Kristina Orehounig, 2021. "Design and Assessment of District Heating Systems with Solar Thermal Prosumers and Thermal Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-27, February.
    37. Buffa, Simone & Cozzini, Marco & D’Antoni, Matteo & Baratieri, Marco & Fedrizzi, Roberto, 2019. "5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 504-522.
    38. Egberts, Paul & Tümer, Can & Loh, Kelvin & Octaviano, Ryvo, 2020. "Challenges in heat network design optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    39. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Svendsen, Svend, 2018. "Experience from a practical test of low-temperature district heating for space heating in five Danish single-family houses from the 1930s," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 569-578.
    40. Brand, Marek & Svendsen, Svend, 2013. "Renewable-based low-temperature district heating for existing buildings in various stages of refurbishment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 311-319.
    41. Xu, Qian & Wang, Kang & Zou, Zhenwei & Zhong, Liqiong & Akkurt, Nevzat & Feng, Junxiao & Xiong, Yaxuan & Han, Jingxiao & Wang, Jiulong & Du, Yanping, 2021. "A new type of two-supply, one-return, triple pipe-structured heat loss model based on a low temperature district heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    42. Kensby, Johan & Trüschel, Anders & Dalenbäck, Jan-Olof, 2015. "Potential of residential buildings as thermal energy storage in district heating systems – Results from a pilot test," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 773-781.
    43. Guelpa, Elisa & Toro, Claudia & Sciacovelli, Adriano & Melli, Roberto & Sciubba, Enrico & Verda, Vittorio, 2016. "Optimal operation of large district heating networks through fast fluid-dynamic simulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 586-595.
    44. Mohanty, Dillip Kumar & Singru, Pravin M., 2011. "Use of C-factor for monitoring of fouling in a shell and tube heat exchanger," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2899-2904.
    45. Guelpa, Elisa & Barbero, Giulia & Sciacovelli, Adriano & Verda, Vittorio, 2017. "Peak-shaving in district heating systems through optimal management of the thermal request of buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 706-714.
    46. Frayssinet, Loïc & Merlier, Lucie & Kuznik, Frédéric & Hubert, Jean-Luc & Milliez, Maya & Roux, Jean-Jacques, 2018. "Modeling the heating and cooling energy demand of urban buildings at city scale," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2318-2327.
    47. Meesenburg, Wiebke & Ommen, Torben & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Elmegaard, Brian, 2020. "Economic feasibility of ultra-low temperature district heating systems in newly built areas supplied by renewable energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    48. Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Vergo, William & Tunzi, Michele & Salenbien, Robbe & Kolarik, Jakub & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Energy and cost savings with continuous low temperature heating versus intermittent heating of an office building with district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    49. Vivian, Jacopo & Emmi, Giuseppe & Zarrella, Angelo & Jobard, Xavier & Pietruschka, Dirk & De Carli, Michele, 2018. "Evaluating the cost of heat for end users in ultra low temperature district heating networks with booster heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 788-800.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Stef Jacobs & Margot De Pauw & Senne Van Minnebruggen & Sara Ghane & Thomas Huybrechts & Peter Hellinckx & Ivan Verhaert, 2023. "Grouped Charging of Decentralised Storage to Efficiently Control Collective Heating Systems: Limitations and Opportunities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-28, April.
    2. Ieva Pakere & Dagnija Blumberga & Anna Volkova & Kertu Lepiksaar & Agate Zirne, 2023. "Valorisation of Waste Heat in Existing and Future District Heating Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Jing, Mengke & Zhang, Shujie & Fu, Lisong & Cao, Guoquan & Wang, Rui, 2023. "Reducing heat losses from aging district heating pipes by using cured-in-place pipe liners," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    4. Neumayer, Martin & Stecher, Dominik & Grimm, Sebastian & Maier, Andreas & Bücker, Dominikus & Schmidt, Jochen, 2023. "Fault and anomaly detection in district heating substations: A survey on methodology and data sets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    5. Martina Capone & Elisa Guelpa & Vittorio Verda, 2023. "Optimal Installation of Heat Pumps in Large District Heating Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-23, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Tunzi, Michele & Salenbien, Robbe & Svendsen, Svend, 2021. "Strategy for low-temperature operation of radiator systems using data from existing digital heat cost allocators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    2. Vivian, Jacopo & Quaggiotto, Davide & Zarrella, Angelo, 2020. "Increasing the energy flexibility of existing district heating networks through flow rate variations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    3. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Smith, Kevin Michael & Tunzi, Michele & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Low-temperature operation of heating systems to enable 4th generation district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    4. Danica Djurić Ilić, 2020. "Classification of Measures for Dealing with District Heating Load Variations—A Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-27, December.
    5. Golmohamadi, Hessam & Larsen, Kim Guldstrand & Jensen, Peter Gjøl & Hasrat, Imran Riaz, 2022. "Integration of flexibility potentials of district heating systems into electricity markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    6. Nord, Natasa & Shakerin, Mohammad & Tereshchenko, Tymofii & Verda, Vittorio & Borchiellini, Romano, 2021. "Data informed physical models for district heating grids with distributed heat sources to understand thermal and hydraulic aspects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    7. Mengting Jiang & Camilo Rindt & David M. J. Smeulders, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-38, September.
    8. Antoine Reguis & Behrang Vand & John Currie, 2021. "Challenges for the Transition to Low-Temperature Heat in the UK: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, November.
    9. Li, Haoran & Hou, Juan & Hong, Tianzhen & Nord, Natasa, 2022. "Distinguish between the economic optimal and lowest distribution temperatures for heat-prosumer-based district heating systems with short-term thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    10. Gao, Datong & Zhao, Bin & Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Hao, Yong & Pei, Gang, 2022. "The spatial and temporal mismatch phenomenon in solar space heating applications: status and solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    11. Michael-Allan Millar & Bruce Elrick & Greg Jones & Zhibin Yu & Neil M. Burnside, 2020. "Roadblocks to Low Temperature District Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    12. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2019. "Thermal energy storage in district heating and cooling systems: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    13. Tunzi, Michele & Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Yang, Qinjiang & Svendsen, Svend, 2023. "Demand side digitalisation: A methodology using heat cost allocators and energy meters to secure low-temperature operations in existing buildings connected to district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    14. Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Tunzi, Michele & Salenbien, Robbe & Hansen, Kasper Klan & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Implementation of a strategy for low-temperature operation of radiator systems using data from existing digital heat cost allocators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    15. Guelpa, Elisa & Verda, Vittorio, 2021. "Demand response and other demand side management techniques for district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    16. Gerald Schweiger & Fabian Kuttin & Alfred Posch, 2019. "District Heating Systems: An Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of the 4GDH," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.
    17. Brunt, Nicholas & Duquette, Jean & O'Brien, William, 2023. "Techno-economic and environmental performance of two state-of-the-art solar-assisted district energy system topologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    18. Meibodi, Saleh S. & Loveridge, Fleur, 2022. "The future role of energy geostructures in fifth generation district heating and cooling networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    19. Alessandro Guzzini & Marco Pellegrini & Edoardo Pelliconi & Cesare Saccani, 2020. "Low Temperature District Heating: An Expert Opinion Survey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-34, February.
    20. Capone, Martina & Guelpa, Elisa & Mancò, Giulia & Verda, Vittorio, 2021. "Integration of storage and thermal demand response to unlock flexibility in district multi-energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:262:y:2023:i:pb:s0360544222022459. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.