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Influence of the heat capacity of the storage material on the efficiency of thermal regenerators in liquid air energy storage systems

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  • Hüttermann, Lars
  • Span, Roland

Abstract

Liquid air energy storage is an innovative technology for electricity storage, using liquefied air as storage medium. Due to the high energy density of liquid air, the storage volume is smaller than that of similar storage technologies like compressed air or pumped hydro energy storage systems. Air is liquefied by means of a modified Claude-cycle. In the discharging process, liquid air is energy-efficiently compressed (compression of a liquid), vaporized, superheated, and finally expanded from high to ambient pressure using an air expander for power generation. In between, a thermal energy storage device at cryogenic temperature level is used to improve the round-trip efficiency of the system. One possible design is a packed bed thermal energy storage device, consisting of a cylinder and a packed bed of storage material. Investigations on thermodynamic properties show that especially the temperature-dependence of the heat capacity has a major influence on the performance of the thermal energy storage system. In this paper, nine real and further hypothetical storage materials are investigated. The influence of the heat capacity at cryogenic temperature is systematically analyzed and a general formulation in terms of summarizing key figures is developed. It turns out that especially the temperature-dependence is a significant parameter in this context, which is not considered within the majority of investigations in this field.

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  • Hüttermann, Lars & Span, Roland, 2019. "Influence of the heat capacity of the storage material on the efficiency of thermal regenerators in liquid air energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 236-245.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:174:y:2019:i:c:p:236-245
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.149
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Qi, Meng & Park, Jinwoo & Lee, Inkyu & Moon, Il, 2022. "Liquid air as an emerging energy vector towards carbon neutrality: A multi-scale systems perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    2. Peng, Xiaodong & She, Xiaohui & Li, Chuan & Luo, Yimo & Zhang, Tongtong & Li, Yongliang & Ding, Yulong, 2019. "Liquid air energy storage flexibly coupled with LNG regasification for improving air liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 1190-1201.
    3. Chen, Jiaxiang & Yang, Luwei & An, Baolin & Hu, Jianying & Wang, Junjie, 2022. "Unsteady analysis of the cold energy storage heat exchanger in a liquid air energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    4. Robert Morgan & Christian Rota & Emily Pike-Wilson & Tim Gardhouse & Cian Quinn, 2020. "The Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Cryogenic Packed Bed Regenerator for Liquid Air Energy Storage Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-17, October.
    5. Xu, Yonghong & Zhang, Hongguang & Yang, Fubin & Tong, Liang & Yan, Dong & Yang, Yifan & Wang, Yan & Wu, Yuting, 2022. "Performance of compressed air energy storage system under parallel operation mode of pneumatic motor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 185-217.
    6. Tafone, Alessio & Borri, Emiliano & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2021. "Innovative cryogenic Phase Change Material (PCM) based cold thermal energy storage for Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) – Numerical dynamic modelling and experimental study of a packed bed unit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    7. Legrand, Mathieu & Rodríguez-Antón, Luis Miguel & Martinez-Arevalo, Carmen & Gutiérrez-Martín, Fernando, 2019. "Integration of liquid air energy storage into the spanish power grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    8. She, Xiaohui & Zhang, Tongtong & Cong, Lin & Peng, Xiaodong & Li, Chuan & Luo, Yimo & Ding, Yulong, 2019. "Flexible integration of liquid air energy storage with liquefied natural gas regasification for power generation enhancement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    9. O'Callaghan, O. & Donnellan, P., 2021. "Liquid air energy storage systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    10. Tafone, Alessio & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2023. "A novel liquid air energy storage system integrated with a cascaded latent heat cold thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    11. Lu, Chang & He, Qing & Cui, Shuangshuang & Shi, Xingping & Du, Dongmei & Liu, Wenyi, 2021. "Evaluation of operation safety of energy release process of liquefied air energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    12. Borri, Emiliano & Tafone, Alessio & Romagnoli, Alessandro & Comodi, Gabriele, 2021. "A review on liquid air energy storage: History, state of the art and recent developments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    13. Ayah Marwan Rabi & Jovana Radulovic & James M. Buick, 2023. "Comprehensive Review of Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-19, August.
    14. Yang, Lizhong & Villalobos, Uver & Akhmetov, Bakytzhan & Gil, Antoni & Khor, Jun Onn & Palacios, Anabel & Li, Yongliang & Ding, Yulong & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Tan, Wooi Leong & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2021. "A comprehensive review on sub-zero temperature cold thermal energy storage materials, technologies, and applications: State of the art and recent developments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    15. Mylena Vieira Pinto Menezes & Icaro Figueiredo Vilasboas & Julio Augusto Mendes da Silva, 2022. "Liquid Air Energy Storage System (LAES) Assisted by Cryogenic Air Rankine Cycle (ARC)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-16, April.

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