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Trajectories in human domination of ecosystems: Human appropriation of net primary production in the Philippines during the 20th century

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  • Kastner, Thomas

Abstract

The "human appropriation of net primary production" (HANPP) has been suggested as a comprehensive indicator to measure impacts of human land use on ecosystems. It accounts for (a) human-induced changes in biological productivity and (b) biomass harvest. This study presents an analysis of aboveground HANPP in the Philippines between 1910 and 2003, a period characterized by massive deforestation and increases in land use intensity and biomass extraction. Results show a steep increase of aboveground HANPP from just below 35% of potential productivity in 1910 to slightly above 60% in 1970 and constant values since then. Large-scale changes in land cover and agricultural practices were the main direct determinants of this trajectory in HANPP. Remarkably, HANPP grew at much slower pace than population did: While the amount of NPP appropriated by humans doubled throughout the period, population increased by a factor ten. Increasing efficiency in terms of biomass extraction per unit of area, relying on ever-increasing inputs, and changes in the nation's physical biomass trade balance were of major importance for this difference in growth rates. In the coming decades, the Philippines will have to face the challenge to meet increases in biomass demand without putting even higher strains on the ecosystems.

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  • Kastner, Thomas, 2009. "Trajectories in human domination of ecosystems: Human appropriation of net primary production in the Philippines during the 20th century," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 260-269, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:69:y:2009:i:2:p:260-269
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    5. Lea Kliem, 2024. "Strengthening agroecological resilience through commons-based seed governance in the Philippines," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(2), pages 5367-5399, February.
    6. Musel, Annabella, 2009. "Human appropriation of net primary production in the United Kingdom, 1800-2000: Changes in society's impact on ecological energy flows during the agrarian-industrial transition," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 270-281, December.
    7. Pichler, Melanie & Bhan, Manan & Gingrich, Simone, 2021. "The social and ecological costs of reforestation. Territorialization and industrialization of land use accompany forest transitions in Southeast Asia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
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    11. C. Brannon Andersen & R. Kyle Donovan & John E. Quinn, 2015. "Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) in an Agriculturally-Dominated Watershed, Southeastern USA," Land, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-28, June.
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