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From spatial segregation to environmental inequalities: Mathematical and empirical evidence

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  • Tivadar, M.
  • Schaeffer, Y.

Abstract

Between-group spatial environmental inequalities arise from the uneven spatial distribution of social groups relative to environmental variables. Intuitively, if two groups shared identical spatial distributions, no spatial environmental inequalities would exist. This highlights the intrinsic link between spatial segregation and spatial environmental inequalities. Yet, despite this straightforward connection, few studies have scrutinized the theoretical and empirical relationships between these phenomena. To address this gap, we consider established measures and demonstrate mathematically that the level of spatial environmental inequality is bounded by the degree of spatial segregation. We then analyse boundary scenarios and identify two contrasting outcomes, depending on whether the environmental distribution aligns with or balances between the spatial patterns of the two groups. The added value of segregation-based environmental inequality indices compared to a standard inequality measure based on population-weighted mean differences is also pointed out.

Suggested Citation

  • Tivadar, M. & Schaeffer, Y., 2026. "From spatial segregation to environmental inequalities: Mathematical and empirical evidence," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:243:y:2026:i:c:s0921800925003957
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108912
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    References listed on IDEAS

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