IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/dyncon/v156y2023ics0165188923001471.html

Two-stage investment, loan guarantees and share buybacks

Author

Listed:
  • Dong, Linjia
  • Nishihara, Michi
  • Yang, Zhaojun

Abstract

We consider an entrepreneur having an option to invest in a project and a potential growth investment option. The two-stage investment costs are financed by secured loans and paid by insurers respectively. We develop explicit models to describe guarantee costs, the timing and pricing of the two-stage investment options and share buyback option. We find that there exists optimal guarantee cost combination maximizing firm value. The firm value is higher and the negotiated buyback happens earlier if entrepreneurs rather than insurers initiate the buyback. The earlier the negotiated buyback, the higher the firm value; but the earlier the mandatory buyback, the less (higher) the firm value and the later (earlier) the growth investment if insurers (entrepreneurs) initiate the negotiated buyback. Debt financing has two opposite effects besides static trade-off theory: One decreases firm value because debt default makes the growth option forfeited; the other increases it by alleviating the second-stage underinvestment problem.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong, Linjia & Nishihara, Michi & Yang, Zhaojun, 2023. "Two-stage investment, loan guarantees and share buybacks," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:dyncon:v:156:y:2023:i:c:s0165188923001471
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2023.104741
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165188923001471
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jedc.2023.104741?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dirk Hackbarth & David C. Mauer, 2012. "Optimal Priority Structure, Capital Structure, and Investment," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 25(3), pages 747-796.
    2. Akcigit, Ufuk & Dinlersoz, Emin & Greenwood, Jeremy & Penciakova, Veronika, 2022. "Synergizing ventures," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    3. Oliver Hart, 2001. "Financial Contracting," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 39(4), pages 1079-1100, December.
    4. Avinash K. Dixit & Robert S. Pindyck, 1994. "Investment under Uncertainty," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 5474, December.
    5. Suresh Sundaresan & Zhenyu Wang, 2015. "On the Design of Contingent Capital with a Market Trigger," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 70(2), pages 881-920, April.
    6. Dong, Linjia & Yang, Zhaojun, 2023. "Investment and financing analysis for a venture capital alternative," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    7. Yang, Zhaojun & Zhang, Chunhong, 2015. "Two new equity default swaps with idiosyncratic risk," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 254-273.
    8. Philippe Aghion & Patrick Bolton, 1992. "An Incomplete Contracts Approach to Financial Contracting," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 59(3), pages 473-494.
    9. Leland, Hayne E, 1994. "Corporate Debt Value, Bond Covenants, and Optimal Capital Structure," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(4), pages 1213-1252, September.
    10. Ikenberry, David & Lakonishok, Josef & Vermaelen, Theo, 1995. "Market underreaction to open market share repurchases," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(2-3), pages 181-208.
    11. Lakonishok, Josef & Vermaelen, Theo, 1990. "Anomalous Price Behavior around Repurchase Tender Offers," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 45(2), pages 455-477, June.
    12. Shibata, Takashi & Nishihara, Michi, 2012. "Investment timing under debt issuance constraint," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 981-991.
    13. Peter DeMarzo & Darrell Duffie, 1999. "A Liquidity-Based Model of Security Design," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 67(1), pages 65-100, January.
    14. Ilhyock Shim, 2006. "Corporate credit guarantees in Asia," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.
    15. Urs Peyer, 2009. "The Nature and Persistence of Buyback Anomalies," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(4), pages 1693-1745, April.
    16. Li, Yong, 2008. "Duration analysis of venture capital staging: A real options perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 497-512, September.
    17. Mathias Dewatripont & Jean Tirole, 1994. "A Theory of Debt and Equity: Diversity of Securities and Manager-Shareholder Congruence," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 109(4), pages 1027-1054.
    18. Mehdi Beyhaghi, 2022. "Third-Party Credit Guarantees and the Cost of Debt: Evidence from Corporate Loans [Loan guarantees and credit supply]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 26(2), pages 287-317.
    19. Utpal Bhattacharya & Stacey E. Jacobsen, 2016. "The Share Repurchase Announcement Puzzle: Theory and Evidence," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 20(2), pages 725-758.
    20. repec:bla:jfinan:v:59:y:2004:i:2:p:651-680 is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Zhaojun Yang & Nanhui Zhu, 2023. "The timing of debt renegotiation and its implications for irreversible investment and capital structure," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(5), pages 887-900, May.
    22. Wouter Dessein, 2005. "Information and Control in Ventures and Alliances," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(5), pages 2513-2549, October.
    23. Tan, Yingxian & Yang, Zhaojun, 2016. "Contingent capital, capital structure and investment," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 56-73.
    24. Linjia Dong & Zhaojun Yang, 2022. "An Algorithm for the Pricing and Timing of the Option to make a Two-Stage Investment with Credit Guarantees," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 60(3), pages 1175-1196, October.
    25. Moraux, Franck & Silaghi, Florina, 2014. "Inside debt renegotiation: Optimal debt reduction, timing, and the number of rounds," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 269-295.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yu-Hong Liu & I-Ming Jiang & Mao-Wei Hung, 2025. "Optimal timing and proportion in two stages learning investment," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 64(3), pages 1001-1027, April.
    2. Liu, Xinle & Luo, Pengfei & Zhang, Yong, 2025. "Impact of market power on capital investment and labor-augmenting innovations," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dong, Linjia & Yang, Zhaojun, 2023. "Investment and financing analysis for a venture capital alternative," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    2. Yu-Hong Liu & I-Ming Jiang & Mao-Wei Hung & Kuan-Miao Hou, 2026. "Optimizing investment strategies: unraveling the interplay of managerial discretion, debt constraints, and growth uncertainty," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 66(3), pages 1035-1068, April.
    3. Zhang, Sijia & Xia, Xin & Gan, Liu, 2025. "Optimal conversion ratio of contingent capital under issuance constraints," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    4. Godlewski, Christophe J., 2020. "How legal and institutional environments shape the private debt renegotiation process?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    5. Lu, Ting & Luo, Pengfei, 2024. "Bank-tax-interaction, carbon emission reduction investment and financing decisions for SMEs," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PB).
    6. Kaplan, Steven N. & Martel, Frederic & Stromberg, Per, 2007. "How do legal differences and experience affect financial contracts?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 273-311, July.
    7. Sarkar, Sudipto & Zhang, Chuanqian, 2015. "Underinvestment and the design of performance-sensitive debt," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 240-253.
    8. Tan, Yingxian & Yang, Zhaojun, 2017. "Growth option, contingent capital and agency conflicts," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 354-369.
    9. Christophe J. GODLEWSKI, 2017. "Initial conditions and the private debt renegotiation process," Working Papers of LaRGE Research Center 2017-03, Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion et Economie (LaRGE), Université de Strasbourg.
    10. Zhaojun Yang, 2020. "Investment and asset securitization with an option‐for‐guarantee swap," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 26(4), pages 1006-1030, September.
    11. Nishihara, Michi & Shibata, Takashi & Zhang, Chuanqian, 2023. "Corporate investment, financing, and exit model with an earnings-based borrowing constraint," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    12. Kim, Hwa-Sung, 2020. "Investment decisions and debt financing under information uncertainty," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    13. Broughman, Brian, 2008. "Independent Directors and Board Control in Venture Finance," Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics, Working Paper Series qt9w966114, Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics.
    14. Dessein, Wouter, 2002. "Information and Control in Alliances and Ventures," CEPR Discussion Papers 3418, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    15. Zhiguo He & Gregor Matvos, 2016. "Debt and Creative Destruction: Why Could Subsidizing Corporate Debt Be Optimal?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 62(2), pages 303-325, February.
    16. Lukas, Elmar & Thiergart, Sascha, 2019. "The interaction of debt financing, cash grants and the optimal investment policy under uncertainty," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 276(1), pages 284-299.
    17. Tian, Yuan, 2016. "Optimal capital structure and investment decisions under time-inconsistent preferences," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 83-104.
    18. Myklebust, Tor Åge, 2012. "Performance Sensitive Debt - Investment and Financing Incentives," Discussion Papers 2012/7, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science.
    19. Haotian Xiang, 2019. "Time Inconsistency and Financial Covenants," 2019 Meeting Papers 63, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    20. Christophe GODLEWSKI, 2018. "The effects of bank loan renegotiation on corporate policies and performance," Working Papers of LaRGE Research Center 2018-01, Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion et Economie (LaRGE), Université de Strasbourg.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • H81 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Governmental Loans; Loan Guarantees; Credits; Grants; Bailouts
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:dyncon:v:156:y:2023:i:c:s0165188923001471. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jedc .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.