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The role of gender attitudes in shaping girls’ participation in formal education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A matched of analysis of girls’ and caregivers’ perspectives

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  • Landis, Debbie
  • Falb, Kathryn
  • Nyanguba, Martin
  • Stark, Lindsay

Abstract

Gender attitudes play a powerful role in influencing girls’ involvement in formal education, which is associated with positive outcomes pertaining to girls’ protection and well-being. A quantitative survey was conducted with 866 girls (ages 10–14) and 774 matched primary caregivers from 14 sites in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Data were analyzed using multivariable mixed effects ordinal logistic regression models. Findings suggest that more equitable gender attitudes on the part of girls and caregivers were associated with girls’ higher levels of school participation. When considered jointly, the gender attitudes of caregivers had greater influence over girls’ outcomes than those held by girls. Caregivers reporting more equitable beliefs on the Men’s Rights and Privileges sub-scale were associated with a nearly-two-fold (1.95) increase in the predicted probability of girls being in school at the highest level of participation. Findings suggest the need for interventions seeking to promote gender equality in the lives of girls to take an Ecological approach that works with girls, caregivers, and along with broader family structures.

Suggested Citation

  • Landis, Debbie & Falb, Kathryn & Nyanguba, Martin & Stark, Lindsay, 2021. "The role of gender attitudes in shaping girls’ participation in formal education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A matched of analysis of girls’ and caregivers’ perspectives," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:126:y:2021:i:c:s0190740921001043
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John A. Neetu & Kirsten Stoebenau & Samantha Ritter & Jeffrey Edmeades & Nikola Balvin & UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, 2017. "Gender Socialization during Adolescence in Low- and Middle-income Countries: Conceptualization, influences and outcomes," Papers inores913, Innocenti Research Briefs.
    2. Jennifer McCleary-Sills & Lucia Hanmer & Jennifer Parsons & Jeni Klugman, 2015. "Child Marriage: A Critical Barrier to Girls' Schooling and Gender Equality in Education," The Review of Faith & International Affairs, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 69-80, September.
    3. Parfait Eloundou-Enyegue, 2004. "Pregnancy-related dropouts and gender inequality in education: A life-table approach and application to Cameroon," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 41(3), pages 509-528, August.
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