Allocation of national energy use to the industrial sector

Reducing energy demand is one of the most cost-effective strategies for lowering carbon emissions and mitigating climate change. This study presents a novel methodology to allocate national energy use to specific industrial conversion devices, thus enhancing the precision of energy efficiency analyses. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of current industrial energy-use data, the study identifies the United States as the source of the most robust publicly available industrial energy end-use data. We validate the use of US data as a proxy for other countries, uncovering discrepancies and necessary adjustments for accurate global application. Using detailed Sankey diagrams, we visualise industrial energy flows and pinpoint key areas for efficiency improvements. Recognising inherent limitations in current data collection methods, we propose a standardised protocol for future industrial energy surveys. This protocol aims to ensure data accuracy, consistency, and comparability across nations, facilitating the generation of tailored allocation matrices and insightful Sankey diagrams. Ultimately, this research informs targeted efficiency improvements and contributes to sustainable industrial practices worldwide.