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Towards energy-efficient and cost-effective DC nanaogrid: A novel pseudo hierarchical architecture incorporating V2G technology for both autonomous coordination and regulated power dispatching

Author

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  • Yu, Hang
  • Shang, Yitong
  • Niu, Songyan
  • Cheng, Chong
  • Shao, Ziyun
  • Jian, Linni

Abstract

Most recently, DC nanogrid incorporating effective energy management has attracted widespread attention. Due to its favorability to integrate renewable energy sources and emerging power electronic loads, such as photovoltaics and electric vehicles (EVs), DC nanogrid is believed to be able to improve the energy utilization efficiency and mitigate the carbon footprint in the coming decades. Towards a compact, cost-effective, and easy-to-build energy management scheme for nanogrid, this paper presents a pseudo hierarchical management architecture built upon the smart charging point. The proposed architecture incorporates the upper-level central controller with the local power role creatively and comprises two timescale management levels with corresponding operation strategies. In the short-timescale local management level, a state-triggered droop strategy based on the decentralized control mechanism is introduced to realize the autonomous power coordination without extensive communication links. The autonomous vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation is also implemented with providing real-time power balance capability to unpredicted and short-timescale load variation in peak periods. In the power dispatching level, a multi-mode power dispatching strategy involving six operation modes is introduced to realize the efficient power scheduling for the nanogrid. The effectiveness of the proposed architecture and operation strategy is verified in the detailed simulation model and hardware-in-loop experiment platform. The results show that the real-time, autonomous, and stabilized power coordination in nanogrid could be realized along with a self-regulated V2G operation. Additionally, the peak-shaving and valley-filling of load curve, the satisfaction of EV charging demand, and an improved operation economy are achieved under the proposed architecture and operation strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu, Hang & Shang, Yitong & Niu, Songyan & Cheng, Chong & Shao, Ziyun & Jian, Linni, 2022. "Towards energy-efficient and cost-effective DC nanaogrid: A novel pseudo hierarchical architecture incorporating V2G technology for both autonomous coordination and regulated power dispatching," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:313:y:2022:i:c:s0306261922002781
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118838
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    2. Yu, Hang & Niu, Songyan & Shang, Yitong & Shao, Ziyun & Jia, Youwei & Jian, Linni, 2022. "Electric vehicles integration and vehicle-to-grid operation in active distribution grids: A comprehensive review on power architectures, grid connection standards and typical applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    3. Tan, Bifei & Chen, Simin & Liang, Zipeng & Zheng, Xiaodong & Zhu, Yanjin & Chen, Haoyong, 2024. "An iteration-free hierarchical method for the energy management of multiple-microgrid systems with renewable energy sources and electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    4. Fernando A. Assis & Francisco C. R. Coelho & José Filho C. Castro & Antonio R. Donadon & Ronaldo A. Roncolatto & Pedro A. C. Rosas & Vittoria E. M. S. Andrade & Rafael G. Bento & Luiz C. P. Silva & Jo, 2024. "Assessment of Regulatory and Market Challenges in the Economic Feasibility of a Nanogrid: A Brazilian Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-18, January.
    5. Ziyuan Liu & Junjing Tan & Wei Guo & Chong Fan & Wenhe Peng & Zhijian Fang & Jingke Gao, 2024. "Hierarchical Optimal Dispatching of Electric Vehicles Based on Photovoltaic-Storage Charging Stations," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-13, October.

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