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Resource-optimised generation dispatch strategy for district heating systems using dynamic hierarchical optimisation

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  • Hofmeister, Markus
  • Mosbach, Sebastian
  • Hammacher, Jörg
  • Blum, Martin
  • Röhrig, Gerd
  • Dörr, Christoph
  • Flegel, Volker
  • Bhave, Amit
  • Kraft, Markus

Abstract

District heating is expected to play an essential role in the cost-effective decarbonisation strategy of many countries. Resource-optimised management of district heating networks depends on a wide range of factors, including demand forecasting, operational flexibility, and increasingly volatile market conditions. However, traditional operations often still rely on static models and rather simple heuristics, while holistic optimisation requires dynamic cross-domain interoperability to allow the consideration of all these factors. This paper demonstrates a proof-of-concept for a knowledge graph based optimisation problem to minimise total heat generation cost for a district heating provider. The optimisation follows a hierarchical approach based on a merit-order principle and is embedded in a model predictive control framework to allow the system to incorporate most recent information and react to disturbances promptly. A detailed sensitivity study is conducted to identify key model parameters and assess the impact of anticipated changes in regulation and market conditions. Simulation-based optimisation is used to determine the short-term heat generation mix based on data-driven gas consumption models and day-ahead forecasts for the network’s energy demand and grid temperatures. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models with exogenous predictor variables are found to be sufficiently accurate and precise. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for a case study of an existing heating network of a midsize town in Germany, where a reduction of approximately 20% and 40% compared to baseline operational data is obtained for operating cost and CO2 emissions, respectively.

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  • Hofmeister, Markus & Mosbach, Sebastian & Hammacher, Jörg & Blum, Martin & Röhrig, Gerd & Dörr, Christoph & Flegel, Volker & Bhave, Amit & Kraft, Markus, 2022. "Resource-optimised generation dispatch strategy for district heating systems using dynamic hierarchical optimisation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:305:y:2022:i:c:s0306261921011958
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117877
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    3. Binglin Li & Yong Shao & Yufeng Lian & Pai Li & Qiang Lei, 2023. "Bayesian Optimization-Based LSTM for Short-Term Heating Load Forecasting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-14, August.
    4. Lin, Xiaojie & Mao, Yihui & Chen, Jiaying & Zhong, Wei, 2023. "Dynamic modeling and uncertainty quantification of district heating systems considering renewable energy access," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).

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