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Balancing services by run-of-river-hydropower at low reservoir amplitudes: Potentials, revenues and emission impacts

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  • Hase, Bastian
  • Seidel, Christian

Abstract

The increasing shares of wind energy and photovoltaics in many countries challenge the energy systems in a twofold way. On one hand, there is an increased need for balancing energy in order to compensate abrupt changes in load or power generation. On the other hand, fossil plants being important providers of balancing services are gradually driven out of the system creating a need for renewable substitutes. Due to strict requirements on the upstream water level regime German run-of-river (ROR)-hydropower has until now remained largely unused for providing positive balancing services. However, in this paper we present a novel optimized operation scheme allowing ROR-plants to exactly keep their production schedule and, in addition to that, provide positive and negative balancing services even under these constraints. Our simulations on an exemplary power plant with a very low head show that huge unused balancing power potentials can be expected for ROR-hydropower in Germany enabling a multiplication of fluctuating renewable energy sources. Next to these potentials under current market conditions, this paper elaborates the economic and ecologic aspects of balancing operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Hase, Bastian & Seidel, Christian, 2021. "Balancing services by run-of-river-hydropower at low reservoir amplitudes: Potentials, revenues and emission impacts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:294:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921004578
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116988
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. McKenna, R. & Hollnaicher, S. & Fichtner, W., 2014. "Cost-potential curves for onshore wind energy: A high-resolution analysis for Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 103-115.
    2. Weijia Yang & Per Norrlund & Linn Saarinen & Adam Witt & Brennan Smith & Jiandong Yang & Urban Lundin, 2018. "Burden on hydropower units for short-term balancing of renewable power systems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Hirth, Lion, 2016. "The benefits of flexibility: The value of wind energy with hydropower," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 210-223.
    4. Daniel Huertas‐Hernando & Hossein Farahmand & Hannele Holttinen & Juha Kiviluoma & Erkka Rinne & Lennart Söder & Michael Milligan & Eduardo Ibanez & Sergio Martín Martínez & Emilio Gomez‐Lazaro & Ana , 2017. "Hydro power flexibility for power systems with variable renewable energy sources: an IEA Task 25 collaboration," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(1), January.
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