IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v225y2018icp60-77.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Design and analysis of a parallel hydraulic – pneumatic regenerative braking system for heavy-duty hybrid vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Bravo, Rafael Rivelino Silva
  • De Negri, Victor Juliano
  • Oliveira, Amir Antonio Martins

Abstract

Hydraulic-pneumatic hybrid powertrains provide an opportunity for combined high power and high energy regenerative braking systems for heavy duty vehicles that need to transpose both highway and urban areas. The challenge in designing these systems resides in the proper sizing, integration, and control of the components to exploit with high efficiency the different energy and power range available in these applications. In the novel concept proposed here, braking energy is recovered by a hydraulic system and stored in a hydraulic accumulator and in an air reservoir. While the hydraulic system shares the vehicle propulsion in parallel to the internal combustion engine, the compressed air is used to power auxiliaries in power-assist mode. The conception, modeling, sizing, and system integration are presented, relying on commercially available components. The lumped parameter simulation model written in MATLAB/Simulink is first validated by comparing measurements and predictions for a laboratory system. Then, two conditions of braking energy recovery for a 19 tonnes bus are analyzed: a full stop, typical of urban driving, and a downward road slope, typical of highway driving. Results indicate that the system proposed is able to store 69% of the available energy during full stop and 14% in the highway downward slope. However, although the storage efficiency is smaller in the downward slope, the total energy recovered is 2.8 times larger than the energy recovered after full stop. Also, while the pneumatic energy stored is only 20% of the energy stored in the hydraulic accumulators after full stop, it is more than twice for the road slope. These results indicate an opportunity for significantly improving the overall energy efficiency of delivery trucks and buses.

Suggested Citation

  • Bravo, Rafael Rivelino Silva & De Negri, Victor Juliano & Oliveira, Amir Antonio Martins, 2018. "Design and analysis of a parallel hydraulic – pneumatic regenerative braking system for heavy-duty hybrid vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 60-77.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:225:y:2018:i:c:p:60-77
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.04.102
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918306688
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.04.102?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hannan, M.A. & Azidin, F.A. & Mohamed, A., 2014. "Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 135-150.
    2. Dimitrova, Zlatina & Maréchal, François, 2015. "Gasoline hybrid pneumatic engine for efficient vehicle powertrain hybridization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 168-177.
    3. Huang, K. David & Tzeng, Sheng-Chung, 2005. "Development of a hybrid pneumatic-power vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(1), pages 47-59, January.
    4. Saadat, Mohsen & Shirazi, Farzad A. & Li, Perry Y., 2015. "Modeling and control of an open accumulator Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system for wind turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 603-616.
    5. Brown, T.L. & Atluri, V.P. & Schmiedeler, J.P., 2014. "A low-cost hybrid drivetrain concept based on compressed air energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 477-489.
    6. Puddu, Pierpaolo & Paderi, Maurizio, 2013. "Hydro-pneumatic accumulators for vehicles kinetic energy storage: Influence of gas compressibility and thermal losses on storage capability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 326-335.
    7. Pugi, L. & Pagliai, M. & Nocentini, A. & Lutzemberger, G. & Pretto, A., 2017. "Design of a hydraulic servo-actuation fed by a regenerative braking system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 96-115.
    8. Budt, Marcus & Wolf, Daniel & Span, Roland & Yan, Jinyue, 2016. "A review on compressed air energy storage: Basic principles, past milestones and recent developments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 250-268.
    9. Fazeli, Amir & Khajepour, Amir & Devaud, Cecile, 2011. "A novel compression strategy for air hybrid engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(9), pages 2955-2966.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yu, Jin & Song, Yurun & Zhang, Huasen & Dong, Xiaohan, 2022. "Novel design of compound coupled hydro-mechanical transmission on heavy-duty vehicle for energy recycling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PD).
    2. Muataz Abotabik & Richard T. Meyer, 2021. "Switched Optimal Control of a Heavy-Duty Hybrid Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Donglai Zhao & Wenjie Ge & Xiaojuan Mo & Bo Liu & Dianbiao Dong, 2019. "Design of A New Hydraulic Accumulator for Transient Large Flow Compensation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Hyukjoon Kwon & Monika Ivantysynova, 2020. "System Characteristics Analysis for Energy Management of Power-Split Hydraulic Hybrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, April.
    5. Bravo, Rafael Rivelino da Silva & Gama, Artur Tozzi de Cantuaria & Oliveira, Amir Antonio Martins & De Negri, Victor Juliano, 2023. "Component sizing and sensitivity analysis of design parameters of a hydraulic-pneumatic regenerative braking system for heavy duty vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    6. Liu, Huanlong & Jiang, Yue & Li, Shun, 2019. "Design and downhill speed control of an electric-hydrostatic hydraulic hybrid powertrain in battery-powered rail vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Chi-Min & You, Jhih-Jie & Sung, Cheng-Kuo & Huang, Chih-Yung, 2015. "Modified intake and exhaust system for piston-type compressed air engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 516-524.
    2. Gong, Jun & Zhang, Daqing & Guo, yong & Liu, Changsheng & Zhao, Yuming & Hu, Peng & Quan, weicai, 2019. "Power control strategy and performance evaluation of a novel electro-hydraulic energy-saving system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 724-734.
    3. Dimitrova, Zlatina & Maréchal, François, 2015. "Gasoline hybrid pneumatic engine for efficient vehicle powertrain hybridization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 168-177.
    4. Leszczyński, Jacek S. & Gryboś, Dominik & Markowski, Jan, 2023. "Analysis of optimal expansion dynamics in a reciprocating drive for a micro-CAES production system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    5. Nie, Chunhui & Shao, Yimin & Mechefske, Chris K. & Cheng, Min & Wang, Liming, 2021. "Power distribution method for a parallel hydraulic-pneumatic hybrid system using a piecewise function," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    6. Yi, Tong & Ma, Fei & Jin, Chun & Huang, Yanjun, 2018. "A novel coupled hydro-pneumatic energy storage system for hybrid mining trucks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 704-718.
    7. Briola, Stefano & Di Marco, Paolo & Gabbrielli, Roberto & Riccardi, Juri, 2017. "Sensitivity analysis for the energy performance assessment of hybrid compressed air energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1552-1563.
    8. Xu, Ying & Ren, Li & Zhang, Zhongping & Tang, Yuejin & Shi, Jing & Xu, Chen & Li, Jingdong & Pu, Dongsheng & Wang, Zhuang & Liu, Huajun & Chen, Lei, 2018. "Analysis of the loss and thermal characteristics of a SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) magnet with three practical operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 372-384.
    9. Li, Chengchen & Wang, Huanran & He, Xin & Zhang, Yan, 2022. "Experimental and thermodynamic investigation on isothermal performance of large-scaled liquid piston," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    10. Meng, Hui & Wang, Meihong & Olumayegun, Olumide & Luo, Xiaobo & Liu, Xiaoyan, 2019. "Process design, operation and economic evaluation of compressed air energy storage (CAES) for wind power through modelling and simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 923-936.
    11. He, Yang & MengWang, & Chen, Haisheng & Xu, Yujie & Deng, Jianqiang, 2021. "Thermodynamic research on compressed air energy storage system with turbines under sliding pressure operation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    12. Wasbari, F. & Bakar, R.A. & Gan, L.M. & Tahir, M.M. & Yusof, A.A., 2017. "A review of compressed-air hybrid technology in vehicle system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 935-953.
    13. Huang, Shucheng & Khajepour, Amir, 2022. "A new adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on a novel compression strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    14. He, Yang & Chen, Haisheng & Xu, Yujie & Deng, Jianqiang, 2018. "Compression performance optimization considering variable charge pressure in an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 349-359.
    15. Briola, Stefano & Di Marco, Paolo & Gabbrielli, Roberto & Riccardi, Juri, 2016. "A novel mathematical model for the performance assessment of diabatic compressed air energy storage systems including the turbomachinery characteristic curves," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 758-772.
    16. Shi, Yan & Wu, Tiecheng & Cai, Maolin & Wang, Yixuan & Xu, Weiqing, 2016. "Energy conversion characteristics of a hydropneumatic transformer in a sustainable-energy vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 77-85.
    17. Dimitrova, Zlatina & Lourdais, Pierre & Maréchal, François, 2015. "Performance and economic optimization of an organic rankine cycle for a gasoline hybrid pneumatic powertrain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 574-588.
    18. Hung, Yi-Hsuan & Tung, Yu-Ming & Li, Hong-Wei, 2014. "A real-time model of an automotive air propulsion system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 287-298.
    19. Arabkoohsar, A. & Dremark-Larsen, M. & Lorentzen, R. & Andresen, G.B., 2017. "Subcooled compressed air energy storage system for coproduction of heat, cooling and electricity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 602-614.
    20. Liu, Chi-Min & Huang, Chin-Lun & Sung, Cheng-Kuo & Huang, Chih-Yung, 2016. "Performance analysis of a two-stage expansion air engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 140-148.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:225:y:2018:i:c:p:60-77. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.