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Experimental investigations of charging/melting cycles of paraffin in a novel shell and tube with longitudinal fins based heat storage design solution for domestic and industrial applications

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  • Khan, Zakir
  • Khan, Zulfiqar Ahmad

Abstract

Due to vulnerability of solar energy based technologies to weather fluctuations and variations in solar thermal irradiance, thermal energy storage (TES) systems with their high thermal storage capacity offer a sustainable solution. In this article, experimental investigations are conducted to identify thermal performance of latent heat storage (LHS) unit in connection with flat plate solar collector during charging cycles. LHS unit is comprised of novel geometrical configuration based shell-and-tube heat exchanger with longitudinal fins, paraffin as thermal storage material and water as heat transfer fluid (HTF). In order to overcome the effect of low thermal conductivity of paraffin, the effective surface area and overall thermal conductivity for heat transfer is significantly improved by employing longitudinal fins. Moreover, the vertical orientation of longitudinal fins supports natural convection, which can assure rapid charging of paraffin in LHS unit. In experimental tests, the focus is on probing the heat transfer mechanism and temperature distribution in entire novel LHS unit, the influence of inlet temperature and volume flow rate of HTF on phase transition rate and mean power. Experimental results revealed that natural convection significantly influences the phase transition rate. Therefore, enthalpy gradient is noticed between paraffin at top, central and bottom positions in LHS unit. Likewise, the phase transition rate and mean power of LHS unit is significantly increased by a fraction of 50.08% and 69.71% as the inlet temperature of HTF is increased from 52°C to 67°C, respectively. Similarly, it is concluded that volume flow rate of HTF has a relatively moderate influence on thermal performance; however the influence declines with an increase in inlet temperature of HTF. Due to significant enhancement in thermal performance, the novel geometrically configured LHS unit can accumulate about 14.36MJ of thermal energy in as less as 3hours. Furthermore, a broad range of domestic and commercial energy demands can be fulfilled by simply assembling several LHS units in parallel sequence.

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  • Khan, Zakir & Khan, Zulfiqar Ahmad, 2017. "Experimental investigations of charging/melting cycles of paraffin in a novel shell and tube with longitudinal fins based heat storage design solution for domestic and industrial applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1158-1168.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:206:y:2017:i:c:p:1158-1168
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.043
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    3. Peng, Benli & Huang, Guanghan & Wang, Pengtao & Li, Wenming & Chang, Wei & Ma, Jiaxuan & Li, Chen, 2019. "Effects of thermal conductivity and density on phase change materials-based thermal energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 580-591.
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    5. Mohammad Ghalambaz & S.A.M. Mehryan & Mahboobeh Mahdavi & Obai Younis & Mohammad A. Alim, 2021. "Evaluation of the Melting Performance in a Conical Latent Heat Thermal Unit Having Variable Length Fins," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-20, March.
    6. Zakir Khan & Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan, 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Coupled Thermal Enhancement through Novel Wire-Wound Fins Design and Graphene Nano-Platelets in Shell-and-Tube Latent Heat Storage System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-21, June.
    7. Kirincic, Mateo & Trp, Anica & Lenic, Kristian, 2021. "Influence of natural convection during melting and solidification of paraffin in a longitudinally finned shell-and-tube latent thermal energy storage on the applicability of developed numerical models," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1329-1344.
    8. Muhammad Saqib & Rafal Andrzejczyk, 2023. "A review of phase change materials and heat enhancement methodologies," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(3), May.
    9. Mohamed Fadl & Philip Eames, 2020. "Thermal Performance Analysis of the Charging/Discharging Process of a Shell and Horizontally Oriented Multi-Tube Latent Heat Storage System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-23, November.
    10. Fran Torbarina & Kristian Lenic & Anica Trp, 2022. "Computational Model of Shell and Finned Tube Latent Thermal Energy Storage Developed as a New TRNSYS Type," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-26, March.
    11. Ewelina Radomska & Lukasz Mika & Karol Sztekler & Lukasz Lis, 2020. "The Impact of Heat Exchangers’ Constructions on the Melting and Solidification Time of Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-44, September.
    12. Egea, A. & Solano, J.P. & Pérez-García, J. & García, A., 2020. "Solar-driven melting dynamics in a shell and tube thermal energy store: An experimental analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1044-1052.
    13. Yang, Xiaohu & Yu, Jiabang & Xiao, Tian & Hu, Zehuan & He, Ya-Ling, 2020. "Design and operating evaluation of a finned shell-and-tube thermal energy storage unit filled with metal foam," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).

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