IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ecb/ecbrbu/20250135.html

Details matter – how loan pricing affects monetary policy transmission in the euro area

Author

Listed:
  • Vilerts, Kārlis
  • Anyfantaki, Sofia
  • Benkovskis, Konstantins
  • Bredl, Sebastian
  • Giovannini, Massimo
  • Horky, Florian Matthias
  • Kunzmann, Vanessa
  • Lalinsky, Tibor
  • Lampousis, Athanasios
  • Lukmanova, Elizaveta
  • Petroulakis, Filippos
  • Zutis, Klavs

Abstract

We present novel empirical evidence on lending practices across all euro area countries, using AnaCredit data covering nearly seven million new loans issued to non-financial corporations in 2022-23. We document substantial variation in (a) the prevalence of fixed versus floating-rate loans, (b) rate fixation periods, and (c) reference rates. This variation results in lending rates being exposed to different segments of the risk-free rate yield curve which, in turn, influences their sensitivity to monetary policy changes. We show that loans priced using shorter-term relevant risk-free rates experience more pronounced monetary pass-through. Importantly, this effect is not purely mechanical, as part of the effect is offset by adjustments in the premium, revealing previously less explored heterogeneity in the pass-through to lending rates. JEL Classification: E52, E43, G21, E58

Suggested Citation

  • Vilerts, Kārlis & Anyfantaki, Sofia & Benkovskis, Konstantins & Bredl, Sebastian & Giovannini, Massimo & Horky, Florian Matthias & Kunzmann, Vanessa & Lalinsky, Tibor & Lampousis, Athanasios & Lukmano, 2025. "Details matter – how loan pricing affects monetary policy transmission in the euro area," Research Bulletin, European Central Bank, vol. 135.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbrbu:2025:0135:
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ecb.europa.eu//press/research-publications/resbull/2025/html/ecb.rb251009~423b3ea674.en.html
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.ecb.europa.eu//press/research-publications/resbull/2025/html/ecb.rb251009~423b3ea674.en.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Altavilla, Carlo & Brugnolini, Luca & Gürkaynak, Refet S. & Motto, Roberto & Ragusa, Giuseppe, 2019. "Measuring euro area monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 162-179.
    2. KÄ rlis Vilerts & Sofia Anyfantaki & KonstantÄ«ns Beņkovskis & Sebastian Bredl & Massimo Giovannini & Florian Matthias Horky & Vanessa Kunzmann & Tibor Lalinský & Athanasios Lampousis & Elizaveta Lu, 2025. "Details matter: loan pricing and transmission of monetary policy in the euro area," Working Papers 345, Bank of Greece.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Olivier De Jonghe & Konstantins Benkovskis & Karolis Bielskis & Diana Bonfim & Margherita Bottero & Tamas Briglevics & Martin Cesnak & Mantas Dirma & Marina Emiris & Palma Filep-Mosberger & Valentin J, 2025. "Household borrowing and monetary policy transmission: post-pandemic insights from nine European credit registers," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1509, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hülsewig, Oliver & Rottmann, Horst, 2023. "Unemployment in the euro area and unconventional monetary policy surprises," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    2. Maria Ludovica Drudi & Giulio Carlo Venturi, 2023. "Assessing the liquidity premium in the Italian bond market," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 795, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    3. Fengler, Matthias & Koeniger, Winfried & Minger, Stephan, 2024. "The transmission of monetary policy to the cost of hedging," CFS Working Paper Series 726, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    4. İshak Demi̇r & Burak A. Eroğlu & Seçi̇l Yildirim‐Karaman, 2022. "Heterogeneous Effects of Unconventional Monetary Policy on the Bond Yields across the Euro Area," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 54(5), pages 1425-1457, August.
    5. Hamza Bennani & Cécile Couharde & Yoan Wallois, 2024. "The effect of IMF communication on government bond markets: insights from sentiment analysis," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 160(2), pages 615-656, May.
    6. Bekaert, Geert & Hoerova, Marie & Xu, Nancy, 2023. "Risk, Monetary Policy and Asset Prices in a Global World," CEPR Discussion Papers 18229, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    7. Christophe Blot & Fabien Labondance, 2021. "Beyond the Interest Rate Pass-through: Monetary Policy and Banks Interest Rates during the Effective Lower Bound," Working Papers hal-04221606, HAL.
    8. Pagliari, Maria Sole, 2024. "Does one (unconventional) size fit all? Effects of the ECB’s unconventional monetary policies on the euro area economies," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    9. Rostagno, Massimo & Altavilla, Carlo & Carboni, Giacomo & Lemke, Wolfgang & Motto, Roberto & Saint-Guilhem, Arthur, 2025. "An options-based impact study of the negative interest rate policy and forward guidance," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    10. Anaya Longaric, Pablo & Cera, Katharina & Georgiadis, Georgios & Kaufmann, Christoph, 2025. "From Brussels to Bangkok: how investment funds transmit financial spillovers," Working Paper Series 3131, European Central Bank.
    11. Carlos Cañizares Martínez & Arne Gieseck, 2025. "The effects of macro uncertainty shocks in the euro area: a FAVAR approach," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 68(6), pages 2829-2872, June.
    12. Frederik Neugebauer, 2020. "ECB Announcements and Stock Market Volatility," WHU Working Paper Series - Economics Group 20-02, WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management.
    13. van der Zwan, Terri & Kole, Erik & van der Wel, Michel, 2024. "Heterogeneous macro and financial effects of ECB asset purchase programs," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    14. Gregor Boehl & Gavin Goy & Felix Strobel, 2024. "A Structural Investigation of Quantitative Easing," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 106(4), pages 1028-1044, July.
    15. Ugo Albertazzi & Andrea Nobili & Federico M. Signoretti, 2021. "The Bank Lending Channel of Conventional and Unconventional Monetary Policy," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 53(2-3), pages 261-299, March.
    16. Marco Lo Duca & Diego Moccero & Fabio Parlapiano, 2024. "The impact of macroeconomic and monetary policy shocks on the default risk of the euro-area corporate sector," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1460, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    17. Laine, Olli-Matti & Pihlajamaa, Matias, 2023. "Asymmetric effects of conventional and unconventional monetary policy when rates are low," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 3/2023, Bank of Finland.
    18. Baumgärtner, Martin & Zahner, Johannes, 2025. "Whatever it takes to understand a central banker — Embedding their words using neural networks," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    19. Odendahl, Florens & Pagliari, Maria Sole & Penalver, Adrian & Rossi, Barbara & Sestieri, Giulia, 2024. "Euro area monetary policy effects. Does the shape of the yield curve matter?," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(S).
    20. Laine, Olli-Matti & Pihlajamaa, Matias, 2024. "Pushing and pulling on a string? Inflationary effects of expansionary and contractionary monetary policies when rates are negative," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbrbu:2025:0135:. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Official Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/emieude.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.