IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ebl/ecbull/eb-21-01064.html

Liquidity on Eurozone stock markets: A non-linear approach

Author

Listed:
  • Boumediene Souiki

    (MRE - Montpellier Recherche en Economie)

  • Françoise Seyte

    (MRE - Montpellier Recherche en Economie)

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between liquidity and returns in the main European stock markets for the period of January 2005- December 2020. Asset liquidity is measured by three correlated indicators (ROLL, CS and HL). The methodology adopted consists of constructing threshold autoregressive model (TAR) for market returns while using liquidity indicators as a transition variable. The distinction between the different regimes helps clarify the relationship between these variables. The results show that the detected thresholds are different depending on the stock market. We then find that the impact of the liquidity indicator on returns is different for regime 1 and regime 2, and we propose an economic explanation for this difference. main European stock markets for the period of January 2005- December 2020. Asset liquidity is measured by three correlated indicators (ROLL, CS and HL). The methodology adopted consists of constructing threshold autoregressive model (TAR) for market returns while using liquidity indicators as a transition variable. The distinction between the different regimes helps clarify the relationship between these variables. The results show that the detected thresholds are different depending on the stock market. We then find that the impact of the liquidity indicator on returns is different for regime 1 and regime 2, and we propose an economic explanation for this difference. main European stock markets for the period of January 2005- December 2020. Asset liquidity is measured by three correlated indicators (ROLL, CS and HL). The methodology adopted consists of constructing threshold autoregressive model (TAR) for market returns while using liquidity indicators as a transition variable. The distinction between the different regimes helps clarify the relationship between these variables. The results show that the detected thresholds are different depending on the stock market. We then find that the impact of the liquidity indicator on returns is different for regime 1 and regime 2, and we propose an economic explanation for this difference.

Suggested Citation

  • Boumediene Souiki & Françoise Seyte, 2024. "Liquidity on Eurozone stock markets: A non-linear approach," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 44(1), pages 321-340.
    • Handle: RePEc:ebl:ecbull:eb-21-01064
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.accessecon.com/Pubs/EB/2024/Volume44/EB-24-V44-I1-P27.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Amihud, Yakov & Mendelson, Haim & Pedersen, Lasse Heje, 2006. "Liquidity and Asset Prices," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 1(4), pages 269-364, February.
    2. Brennan, Michael J. & Subrahmanyam, Avanidhar, 1996. "Market microstructure and asset pricing: On the compensation for illiquidity in stock returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(3), pages 441-464, July.
    3. Czauderna, Katrin & Riedel, Christoph & Wagner, Niklas, 2015. "Liquidity and conditional market returns: Evidence from German exchange traded funds," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 454-459.
    4. Just, Małgorzata & Echaust, Krzysztof, 2020. "Stock market returns, volatility, correlation and liquidity during the COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from the Markov switching approach," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    5. Martin Martens & Paul Kofman & Ton C. F. Vorst, 1998. "A threshold error-correction model for intraday futures and index returns," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 13(3), pages 245-263.
    6. Allaudeen Hameed & Wenjin Kang & S. Viswanathan, 2010. "Stock Market Declines and Liquidity," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 65(1), pages 257-293, February.
    7. Spiegel, Matthew, 2008. "Patterns in cross market liquidity," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 2-10, March.
    8. Shane A. Corwin & Paul Schultz, 2012. "A Simple Way to Estimate Bid‐Ask Spreads from Daily High and Low Prices," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 67(2), pages 719-760, April.
    9. Kingsley Y. L. Fong & Craig W. Holden & Charles A. Trzcinka, 2017. "What Are the Best Liquidity Proxies for Global Research?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(4), pages 1355-1401.
    10. Geert Bekaert & Campbell R. Harvey & Christian Lundblad, 2007. "Liquidity and Expected Returns: Lessons from Emerging Markets," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 20(6), pages 1783-1831, November.
    11. Lesmond, David A., 2005. "Liquidity of emerging markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(2), pages 411-452, August.
    12. Zheng, Xinwei & Su, Dan, 2017. "Impacts of oil price shocks on Chinese stock market liquidity," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 136-174.
    13. Ayad Assoil & Ndéné Ka & Jules Sadefo-Kamdem, 2021. "Analysis of the dynamic relationship between liquidity proxies and returns on the French CAC 40 index," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(10), pages 1-23, October.
    14. repec:uts:ppaper:y:2016:1 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Smimou, K., 2017. "Does gold Liquidity learn from the greenback or the equity?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 461-479.
    16. Chung, Kee H. & Zhang, Hao, 2014. "A simple approximation of intraday spreads using daily data," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 94-120.
    17. Pastor, Lubos & Stambaugh, Robert F., 2003. "Liquidity Risk and Expected Stock Returns," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 111(3), pages 642-685, June.
    18. Amihud, Yakov & Mendelson, Haim & Lauterbach, Beni, 1997. "Market microstructure and securities values: Evidence from the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(3), pages 365-390, September.
    19. Amihud, Yakov & Mendelson, Haim, 1986. "Asset pricing and the bid-ask spread," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 223-249, December.
    20. Datar, Vinay T. & Y. Naik, Narayan & Radcliffe, Robert, 1998. "Liquidity and stock returns: An alternative test," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 1(2), pages 203-219, August.
    21. Amihud, Yakov & Mendelson, Haim, 1991. "Liquidity, Maturity, and the Yields on U.S. Treasury Securities," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(4), pages 1411-1425, September.
    22. Hiemstra, Craig & Jones, Jonathan D, 1994. "Testing for Linear and Nonlinear Granger Causality in the Stock Price-Volume Relation," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(5), pages 1639-1664, December.
    23. Leirvik, Thomas & Fiskerstrand, Sondre R. & Fjellvikås, Anders B., 2017. "Market liquidity and stock returns in the Norwegian stock market," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 272-276.
    24. repec:oup:rfinst:v:21:y:2017:i:4:p:1355-1401. is not listed on IDEAS
    25. Rapheedah Musneh & Mohd. Rahimie Abdul Karim & Caroline Geetha A/P Arokiadasan Baburaw, 2021. "Liquidity risk and stock returns: empirical evidence from industrial products and services sector in Bursa Malaysia," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, December.
    26. Chan, Howard W. & Faff, Robert W., 2003. "An investigation into the role of liquidity in asset pricing: Australian evidence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 11(5), pages 555-572, November.
    27. Lesmond, David A & Ogden, Joseph P & Trzcinka, Charles A, 1999. "A New Estimate of Transaction Costs," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(5), pages 1113-1141.
    28. Farshid Abdi & Angelo Ranaldo, 2017. "A Simple Estimation of Bid-Ask Spreads from Daily Close, High, and Low Prices," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(12), pages 4437-4480.
    29. Foucault, Thierry & Pagano, Marco & Roell, Ailsa, 2013. "Market Liquidity: Theory, Evidence, and Policy," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199936243.
    30. George M. Constantinides, 2005. "Capital Market Equilibrium with Transaction Costs," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 7, pages 207-227, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    31. Chiang, Thomas C. & Zheng, Dazhi, 2015. "Liquidity and stock returns: Evidence from international markets," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 73-97.
    32. van den End, Jan Willem & Tabbae, Mostafa, 2012. "When liquidity risk becomes a systemic issue: Empirical evidence of bank behaviour," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 107-120.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stereńczak, Szymon & Zaremba, Adam & Umar, Zaghum, 2020. "Is there an illiquidity premium in frontier markets?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(C).
    2. Díaz, Antonio & Escribano, Ana, 2020. "Measuring the multi-faceted dimension of liquidity in financial markets: A literature review," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    3. Ayad Assoil & Ndéné Ka & Jules Sadefo-Kamdem, 2021. "Analysis of the dynamic relationship between liquidity proxies and returns on the French CAC 40 index," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(10), pages 1-23, October.
    4. Belkhir, Mohamed & Saad, Mohsen & Samet, Anis, 2020. "Stock extreme illiquidity and the cost of capital," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    5. Mousumi Bhattacharya & Sharad Nath Bhattacharya & Sumit Kumar Jha, 2022. "Does time-varying illiquidity matter for the Indian stock market? Evidence from high-frequency data," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 47(2), pages 251-272, May.
    6. Huong Le & Andros Gregoriou, 2020. "How Do You Capture Liquidity? A Review Of The Literature On Low‐Frequency Stock Liquidity," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(5), pages 1170-1186, December.
    7. Lischewski, Judith & Voronkova, Svitlana, 2012. "Size, value and liquidity. Do They Really Matter on an Emerging Stock Market?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 8-25.
    8. Dang, Tung Lam & Nguyen, Thi Minh Hue, 2020. "Liquidity risk and stock performance during the financial crisis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    9. George Milunovich & Jelena Minović, 2014. "Local and global illiquidity effects in the Balkans frontier markets," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(31), pages 3861-3873, November.
    10. Miralles Marcelo, José Luis & Miralles Quirós, María Mar & Oliveira, Célia, 2015. "Systematic liquidity: commonality and inter-temporal variation in the Portuguese stock market," Cuadernos de Gestión, Universidad del País Vasco - Instituto de Economía Aplicada a la Empresa (IEAE).
    11. Jun Liu & Kai Wu & Fuwei Jiang & Zhiqi Shen, 2023. "How is illiquidity priced in the Chinese stock market?," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 63(S1), pages 1285-1320, April.
    12. Szymon Stereńczak, 2020. "State-Dependent Stock Liquidity Premium: The Case of the Warsaw Stock Exchange," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-24, March.
    13. Maria Ludovica Drudi & Giulio Carlo Venturi, 2023. "Assessing the liquidity premium in the Italian bond market," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 795, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    14. Kim, Soon-Ho & Lee, Kuan-Hui, 2014. "Pricing of liquidity risks: Evidence from multiple liquidity measures," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 112-133.
    15. Daniel Chai & Robert Faff & Philip Gharghori, 2013. "Liquidity in asset pricing: New Australian evidence using low-frequency data," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 38(2), pages 375-400, August.
    16. Zeynep Cobandag Guloglu & Cumhur Ekinci, 2022. "Liquidity measurement: A comparative review of the literature with a focus on high frequency," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(1), pages 41-74, February.
    17. Będowska-Sójka, Barbara, 2019. "The dynamics of low-frequency liquidity measures: The developed versus the emerging market," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 136-142.
    18. Kang, Wenjin & Zhang, Huiping, 2014. "Measuring liquidity in emerging markets," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 49-71.
    19. Vayanos, Dimitri & Wang, Jiang, 2013. "Market Liquidity—Theory and Empirical Evidence ," Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1289-1361, Elsevier.
    20. Cakici, Nusret & Zaremba, Adam, 2021. "Liquidity and the cross-section of international stock returns," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • Y1 - Miscellaneous Categories - - Data: Tables and Charts
    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ebl:ecbull:eb-21-01064. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: John P. Conley (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.