IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/diw/diwvjh/76-3-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Jobmotor Mittelstand?: Arbeitsplatzdynamik und Betriebsgröße in der westdeutschen Industrie

Author

Listed:
  • Joachim Wagner

Abstract

It is often argued that in Germany jobs are mostly created in small and medium sized firms, while large firms generally tend to destroy jobs. The so-called Mittelstand is considered as the engine of job creation. Using panel data for manufacturing firms this paper demonstrates that this simple view is wrong. Growing and shrinking firms, entries and exits can be found in a substantial amount in all size classes in each time period considered. Economic policy measures with a special focus on firms from different size classes, therefore, can not be justified by pointing to an extraordinary large contribution of these firms to job creation. In der öffentlichen Diskussion gilt als allgemein akzeptiert, dass in Deutschland ein Zusammenhang zwischen Firmengröße und Arbeitsplatzdynamik besteht, der sich durch den stilisierten Fakt beschreiben lässt, dass kleine und mittlere Firmen vorwiegend Arbeitsplätze schaffen, während in großen Firmen vor allem Arbeitsplätze abgebaut werden. Der Mittelstand gilt als Jobmotor. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, dass eine Auswertung von Längsschnittdaten für Betriebe Zweifel an dieser einfachen Sichtweise begründen kann. In mittelständischen Betrieben entstehen viele Arbeitsplätze, aber es werden auch viele abgebaut, und dasselbe gilt für Großbetriebe. Wachsende und schrumpfende, neu gegründete und geschlossene Betriebe sind in jeweils erheblichem Umfang in jedem Jahr in allen Größenklassen anzutreffen. Wirtschaftspolitische Maßnahmen mit einer spezifischen Ausrichtung auf bestimmte Firmengrößenklassen lassen sich daher nicht mit einem besonders ausgeprägten Beitrag dieser Firmen zur Beschäftigungsdynamik rechtfertigen.

Suggested Citation

  • Joachim Wagner, 2007. "Jobmotor Mittelstand?: Arbeitsplatzdynamik und Betriebsgröße in der westdeutschen Industrie," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 76(3), pages 76-87.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:76-3-7
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.76.3.76
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3790/vjh.76.3.76
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3790/vjh.76.3.76?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wagner Joachim & Schank Thorsten & Schnabel Claus & Addison John T., 2006. "Works Councils, Labor Productivity and Plant Heterogeneity: First Evidence from Quantile Regressions," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 226(5), pages 505-518, October.
    2. Anja Malchin & Ramona Pohl, 2007. "Firmendaten der amtlichen Statistik: Datenzugang und neue Entwicklungen im Forschungsdatenzentrum," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 76(3), pages 8-16.
    3. Joachim Wagner, 2006. "Politikrelevante Folgerungen aus Analysen mit Firmendaten der Amtlichen Statistik," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 126(3), pages 359-374.
    4. John T. Addison & Claus Schnabel & Joachim Wagner, 2006. "The (Parlous) State of German Unions," Working Paper Series in Economics 23, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    5. Davis, Steven J & Haltiwanger, John & Schuh, Scott, 1996. "Small Business and Job Creation: Dissecting the Myth and Reassessing the Facts," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 8(4), pages 297-315, August.
    6. Joachim Wagner, 2006. "International Firm Activities and Innovation: Evidence from Knowledge Production Functions for German Firms," Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2006-15, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group.
    7. Michael Konold, 2007. "European Data Watch: New possibilities for economic research through integration of establishment-level panel data of German official statistics," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 127(2), pages 321-334.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bauer, Thomas K. & Schmucker, Alexandra & Vorell, Mathias, 2008. "KMU und Arbeitsplatzdynamik : eine Analyse auf Basis der Beschäftigten-Historik-Datei," IAB-Discussion Paper 200802, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    2. Sieglen, Georg & Pohl, Carsten & Carl, Birgit, 2011. "Die Entwicklung des Arbeitsmarktes in Nordrhein-Westfalen : eine Analyse auf regionaler Ebene," IAB-Regional. Berichte und Analysen aus dem Regionalen Forschungsnetz. IAB Nordrhein-Westfalen 201104, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    3. Bauer, Thomas K. & Schmucker, Alexandra & Vorell, Matthias, 2008. "KMU und Arbeitsplatzdynamik: Eine Analyse auf Basis der Beschäftigten-Historik (SMEs and employment dynamics: an analysis based on the Employee History)," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 41(2/3), pages 199-221.
    4. Raimund Krumm & Harald Strotmann, 2013. "The impact of regional location factors on job creation, job destruction and employment growth in manufacturing," Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Springer;Gesellschaft für Regionalforschung (GfR), vol. 33(1), pages 23-48, February.
    5. Helmut Fryges & Sandra Gottschalk & Karsten Kohn, 2010. "The KfW/ZEW Start-up Panel: Design and Research Potential," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 130(1), pages 117-132.
    6. Bauer, Thomas K. & Schmucker, Alexandra & Vorell, Matthias, 2008. "KMU und Arbeitsplatzdynamik: Eine Analyse auf Basis der Beschäftigten-Historik (SMEs and employment dynamics: an analysis based on the Employee History)," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 41(2/3), pages 199-221.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Joachim Wagner, 2010. "Entry, Exit and Productivity: Empirical Results for German Manufacturing Industries," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 11(1), pages 78-85, February.
    2. Ingrid Ott & Susanne Soretz, 2006. "Governmental activity and private capital adjustment," Working Paper Series in Economics 26, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    3. Ingrid Ott & Susanne Soretz, 2006. "Nachhaltige Entwicklung durch endogeneUmweltwahrnehmung," Working Paper Series in Economics 24, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    4. Wagner, Joachim, 2007. "Productivity and Size of the Export Market: Evidence for West and East German Plants, 2004," IZA Discussion Papers 2661, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Jens Korunig, 2007. "Regulierung des Netzmonopolisten durch Verbot von Peak-load Pricing?," Working Paper Series in Economics 36, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    6. Lena Koller & Claus Schnabel & Joachim Wagner, 2007. "Schwellenwerte im Arbeitsrecht: Höhere Effizienz und Transparent durch Vereinheitlichung," Working Paper Series in Economics 40, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    7. Ingrid Ott & Christian Papilloud, 2006. "Converging institutions. Shaping the relationships between nanotechnologies, economy and society," Working Paper Series in Economics 32, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    8. Joachim Wagner, 2007. "Why more West than East German firms export," Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy 2007-14, Max Planck Institute of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy Group.
    9. Ingrid Ott & Susanne Soretz, 2006. "Governmental activity, integration, and agglomeration," Working Paper Series in Economics 57, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    10. Markus Groth, 2008. "Perspektiven der Nutzung von Methanhydraten als Energieträger – Eine Bestandsaufnahme," Working Paper Series in Economics 76, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    11. Petrick Sebastian & Rehdanz Katrin & Wagner Ulrich J., 2011. "Energy Use Patterns in German Industry: Evidence from Plant-level Data," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 231(3), pages 379-414, June.
    12. Christian Growitsch & Heike Wetzel, 2009. "Testing for Economies of Scope in European Railways: An Efficiency Analysis," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 43(1), pages 1-24, January.
    13. Uwe Jirjahn, 2015. "Research on Trade Unions and Collective Bargaining in Germany: The Contribution of Labor Economics," Research Papers in Economics 2015-10, University of Trier, Department of Economics.
    14. Markus Groth, 2008. "An empirical examination of repeated auctions for biodiversity conservation contracts," Working Paper Series in Economics 78, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    15. Joachim Wagner, 2015. "25 Jahre Nutzung vertraulicher Firmenpaneldaten der amtlichen Statistik für wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Forschung: Produkte, Projekte, Probleme, Perspektiven," AStA Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistisches Archiv, Springer;Deutsche Statistische Gesellschaft - German Statistical Society, vol. 9(2), pages 83-106, November.
    16. Wagner Joachim, 2013. "The Great Export Recovery in German Manufacturing Industries, 2009/2010," Review of Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 64(3), pages 325-340, December.
    17. Chrsitiane Clemens & Maik Heinemann, 2007. "Credit Constraints, Idiosyncratic Risks, and the Wealth Distribution in a Heterogeneous Agent Model," Working Paper Series in Economics 46, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    18. Uwe Jirjahn, 2013. "Der Beitrag der Arbeitsmarktökonomik zur Erforschung von Gewerkschaften und Tarifvertragsbeziehungen in Deutschland," Research Papers in Economics 2013-03, University of Trier, Department of Economics.
    19. Christian Grund & Andreas Schmitt, 2013. "Works councils, wages and job satisfaction," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 299-310, January.
    20. Wagner, Joachim, 2012. "The Microstructure of the Great Export Collapse in German Manufacturing Industries, 2008/2009," IZA Discussion Papers 6393, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Firm size; job creation and destruction; firm panel data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:76-3-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Bibliothek (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/diwbede.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.