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Leadership, Moral Development, and Citizenship Behavior

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  • Graham, Jill W.

Abstract

This paper suggests that different styles of leadership arouse different sorts of normative motivation among followers, and these diverse motivational sources in turn are associated with different forms of participant contribution to organizational success. Three interrelated clusters of leadership styles, normative motivation of followers, and organizational citizenship behavior are described. Leadership that appeals exclusively to followers’ self-interests is associated with preconventional moral development and dependable task performance. Leadership styles focusing on interpersonal relationships and social networks are associated with followers’ conventional moral development and work group collaboration. Transforming leadership that both models and nurtures servant leadership abilities is associated with post-conventional moral development and responsible participation in organizational governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Graham, Jill W., 1995. "Leadership, Moral Development, and Citizenship Behavior," Business Ethics Quarterly, Cambridge University Press, vol. 5(1), pages 43-54, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:buetqu:v:5:y:1995:i:01:p:43-54_01
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    Cited by:

    1. Farida Saleem & Yingying Zhang Zhang & C. Gopinath & Ahmad Adeel, 2020. "Impact of Servant Leadership on Performance: The Mediating Role of Affective and Cognitive Trust," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(1), pages 21582440199, January.
    2. Sen Sendjaya & James C. Sarros & Joseph C. Santora, 2008. "Defining and Measuring Servant Leadership Behaviour in Organizations," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(2), pages 402-424, March.
    3. Qian Hongdao & Sughra Bibi & Asif Khan & Lorenzo Ardito & Mohammad Nurunnabi, 2019. "Does What Goes Around Really Comes Around? The Mediating Effect of CSR on the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Employee’s Job Performance in Law Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-19, June.
    4. Mitchell J. Neubert & Emily M. Hunter & Remy C. Tolentino, 2022. "Modeling Character: Servant Leaders, Incivility and Patient Outcomes," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 178(1), pages 261-278, June.
    5. Olivier Boiral & Charles Baron & Olen Gunnlaugson, 2014. "Environmental Leadership and Consciousness Development: A Case Study Among Canadian SMEs," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 123(3), pages 363-383, September.
    6. Yi-Hui Ho & Chieh-Yu Lin, 2016. "The Moral Judgment Relationship Between Leaders and Followers: A Comparative Study Across the Taiwan Strait," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 134(2), pages 299-310, March.
    7. Svensson, Göran & Wood, Greg & Callaghan, Michael, 2010. "A corporate model of sustainable business practices: An ethical perspective," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 45(4), pages 336-345, October.
    8. Konstantinos Kakavelakis & Timothy James Edwards, 2022. "The Impact of Structure and Corporate Ideology on Leader–Follower Relations in the Bureaucratic Organization: A Reflection on Moral Mazes," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 181(1), pages 69-82, November.
    9. Lora Reed & Deborah Vidaver-Cohen & Scott Colwell, 2011. "A New Scale to Measure Executive Servant Leadership: Development, Analysis, and Implications for Research," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 101(3), pages 415-434, July.
    10. Shoukat Iqbal Khattak & Muhammad Anwar Khan & Muhammad Iftikhar Ali & Hafiz Ghufran Ali Khan & Imran Saeed, 2023. "Relationship Between Servant Leadership, Leader-Member-Exchange, Organization Learning and Innovative Work Behavior: Evidence From High-Tech Firms," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    11. Göran Svensson & Greg Wood, 2008. "A Model of Business Ethics," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 77(3), pages 303-322, February.
    12. Bahram Soltani, 2014. "The Anatomy of Corporate Fraud: A Comparative Analysis of High Profile American and European Corporate Scandals," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 120(2), pages 251-274, March.
    13. Rebecca VanMeter & Lawrence B. Chonko & Douglas B. Grisaffe & Emily A. Goad, 2016. "In search of clarity on servant leadership: domain specification and reconceptualization," AMS Review, Springer;Academy of Marketing Science, vol. 6(1), pages 59-78, June.
    14. Shamas-ur-Rehman Toor & George Ofori, 2009. "Ethical Leadership: Examining the Relationships with Full Range Leadership Model, Employee Outcomes, and Organizational Culture," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 90(4), pages 533-547, December.
    15. Lizabeth Barclay & Karen Markel, 2009. "Ethical Fairness and Human Rights: The Treatment of Employees with Psychiatric Disabilities," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 85(3), pages 333-345, March.

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