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Weltklimagipfel in Kopenhagen: Welche Erfolgsaussichten hat ein globales Klimaabkommen?

Author

Listed:
  • Hubertus Bardt
  • Ottmar Edenhofer
  • Brigitte Knopf
  • Gunnar Luderer
  • Sabine Schlacke

Abstract

Auf dem Weltklimagipfel in Kopenhagen im Dezember 2009 wird ein globales Klimaabkommen verhandelt. Können dort Strukturen geschaffen werden, die einen effizienten und kostengünstigen Klimaschutz ermöglichen? Entscheidend sei es, nach Meinung von Hubertus Bardt, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln, die Klimaschutzziele mit möglichst geringem Kostenaufwand zu erreichen. Möchte man international einen möglichst effizienten Klimaschutz betreiben, müssten die Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung von Treibhausgasemissionen an den Orten vorgenommen werden, wo dies je vermiedener Einheit am billigsten sei. Oftmals dürften diese Möglichkeiten in den Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern liegen, während in den klimapolitisch aktiven Industrieländern preiswerte Vermeidungspotentiale bereits zu einem guten Teil ausgeschöpft seien. Ein neues internationales Klimaabkommen müsse also dazu beitragen, dass die global günstigsten Vermeidungspotentiale realisiert werden. Ottmar Edenhofer, Brigitte Knopf und Gunnar Luderer, Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgengforschung, sehen eine sinnvolle Architektur der Klimapolitik hauptsächlich in drei Maßnahmen: 1) in einer Einigung über die Kohlenstoffmenge, die noch bis zum Ende des Jahrhunderts in der Atmosphäre abgelagert werden darf, 2) in der Verteilung der Emissionsrechte nach einem gerechten Schlüssel auf alle Nationen und 3) in der Schaffung der institutionellen Voraussetzungen für einen globalen Emissionshandel. Für Sabine Schlacke, Universität Bremen, scheint das "Ob" und "Wie" eines Post-Kyoto-Abkommens "derzeit mehr als ungewiss". Ein Scheitern der internationalen Verhandlungen könne aber durchaus auch die Möglichkeit eröffnen, über einen Systemwandel bei der internationalen Architektur des Klimaschutzes nachzudenken.

Suggested Citation

  • Hubertus Bardt & Ottmar Edenhofer & Brigitte Knopf & Gunnar Luderer & Sabine Schlacke, 2009. "Weltklimagipfel in Kopenhagen: Welche Erfolgsaussichten hat ein globales Klimaabkommen?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 62(19), pages 03-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:62:y:2009:i:19:p:03-13
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Nicholas Stern, 2008. "The Economics of Climate Change," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 98(2), pages 1-37, May.
    3. Brigitte Knopf & Ottmar Edenhofer & Patrick Criqui & Silvana Mima, 2010. "The economics of low stabilisation : implications for technological change and policy," Post-Print halshs-00446310, HAL.
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    JEL classification:

    • Q20 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - General

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