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The Use of Crisis Communication Strategies in Emergency Management

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  • Haupt Brittany

    (Homeland Security & Emergency Preparedness, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA)

Abstract

As emergency management evolved to encompass a focus on supporting safe growth and development for communities, the role and responsibilities of government became increasingly complex with aspects of emergency management becoming quintessential. Issues with communication uncovered the need to understand how managers collect, disseminate, and adapt critical information through understanding crisis type and local community needs. This paper examines the use of crisis communication strategies in emergency management practice and how these strategies have been impacted by Situational Crisis Communication Theory. This theory’s prescriptive approach connects leaders’ response to strategies emphasizing adaptation to local community needs and crisis type. Utilizing structural equation modeling and qualitative analysis, results from a nationwide survey of county, and county-equivalent, emergency managers in the United States is included. The survey focused on the relationship between crisis communication strategies, local community needs, crisis type, and perceived resilience. The paper concludes with a discussion of the significant indicators impacting use of crisis communication strategies by emergency managers along with critical importance of adaptation to local community needs and crisis type. In addition, the paper unveils practical recommendations for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers in the field of emergency management and its counterparts.

Suggested Citation

  • Haupt Brittany, 2021. "The Use of Crisis Communication Strategies in Emergency Management," Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, De Gruyter, vol. 18(2), pages 125-150.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:johsem:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:125-150:n:1003
    DOI: 10.1515/jhsem-2020-0039
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nitesh Bharosa & JinKyu Lee & Marijn Janssen, 2010. "Challenges and obstacles in sharing and coordinating information during multi-agency disaster response: Propositions from field exercises," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 49-65, March.
    2. Gary Klein, 1999. "Sources of Power: How People Make Decisions," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262611465, December.
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