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Contextual responsiveness in U.S. local government climate policy

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  • David Switzer
  • Jiwoong Jung

Abstract

Local governments have led the way on climate action in the United States. While the federal government has largely stood to the side, local governments have made great efforts to adopt policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A large and robust literature in urban politics has explored the variables that influence local government action on climate change in the United States. Issue severity and resident ideological preferences have been identified as two of the most important factors in local climate action. Governments that are more likely to face major impacts from climate, such as coastal communities, and governments serving more liberal residents have both been found to pursue climate policy at higher rates. In this paper we suggest that these relationships are better understood as conditional. We argue that the effect of issue severity will be moderated by ideology. When residents are liberal, issue severity will matter. When residents are conservative, the impact will be muted. We find strong evidence for this hypothesis. Coastal governments and governments that have experienced drought adopt more climate policies, but this is conditional on the ideology of residents. Los gobiernos locales han liderado el camino en la acción climática en los Estados Unidos. Mientras que el gobierno federal se ha mantenido en gran medida al margen, los gobiernos locales han hecho grandes esfuerzos para adoptar políticas destinadas a reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Una extensa y sólida literatura sobre política urbana ha explorado las variables que influyen en la acción del gobierno local sobre el cambio climático en los Estados Unidos. La gravedad del problema y las preferencias ideológicas de los residentes se han identificado como dos de los factores más importantes en la acción climática local. Se ha descubierto que los gobiernos que tienen más probabilidades de enfrentar impactos importantes del clima, como las comunidades costeras, y los gobiernos que atienden a residentes más liberales siguen políticas climáticas a tasas más altas. En este artículo sugerimos que estas relaciones se entienden mejor como condicionales. Argumentamos que el efecto de la gravedad del problema será moderado por la ideología. Cuando los residentes son liberales, importará la gravedad del problema. Cuando los residentes son conservadores, el impacto será silenciado. Encontramos fuerte evidencia para esta hipótesis. Los gobiernos costeros y los gobiernos que han experimentado sequías adoptan más políticas climáticas, pero esto está condicionado a la ideología de los residentes. 美国地方政府在气候行动方面发挥领导作用。虽然联邦政府在很大程度上袖手旁观,但地方政府为“采取旨在减少温室气体排放的政策”一事作出了巨大努力。大量稳健的城市政治文献研究了一系列影响美国地方政府的气候变化行动的变量。议题严重性和居民意识形态偏好已被识别为地方气候行动中最重要的两个因素。更有可能面临重大气候影响的政府(如沿海社区),以及为更自由派的居民服务的政府,都被发现以更高的速度推行气候政策。本文中,我们建议将这些关系在一定条件下进行更好的理解。我们论证认为,意识形态会缓和议题严重性的效果。当居民是自由派时,议题严重性将发挥重要性。当居民是保守派时,影响就会减弱。我们为该假设找到了强有力的证据。沿海政府和经历过干旱的政府会采取更多的气候政策,但这取决于居民的意识形态。

Suggested Citation

  • David Switzer & Jiwoong Jung, 2023. "Contextual responsiveness in U.S. local government climate policy," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 40(6), pages 920-949, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:40:y:2023:i:6:p:920-949
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12518
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