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Technology‐Induced Job Loss and the Prioritization of Economic Problems in the Mass Public

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  • Tobias Heinrich
  • Christopher Witko

Abstract

Observers argue that robots and other advanced technology will eliminate millions of jobs across affluent democracies in the coming decades. But do citizens in affluent democracies recognize this, and if so, does it affect how salient they find economic problems compared to other problems the governments might address? Using a unique Eurobarometer survey with an extensive set of questions about technology we investigate the extent of sociotropic and selfish employment concerns regarding technology and examine how these concerns are associated with the micro‐level prioritization of economic problems in European mass publics. We find that sociotropic employment concerns regarding technology are widespread compared to selfish, but that only those with selfish employment concerns demonstrate greater prioritization of economic problems. Our findings have important implications for understanding how people view the threat posed by technology to their jobs and potential shifts in policy agendas as technology‐induced job loss spreads. 研究者主张,机器人和其他先进科技将在未来几十年里减少富裕民主国家几千万个就业机会。不过,这些国家中 的公民是否认可这一点,如果是,这会影响他们对经济问题严重性的看法吗(比起政府可能解决的其他问题)? 通过使用欧盟民意调查机构(Eurobarometer)的一项独特调查,并结合关于技术的一系列广泛疑问,我们研究 了社会取向就业(sociotropic employment)及个人就业(selfish employment)在科技方面的顾虑程度,并分析了 这些顾虑如何与欧洲公众对经济问题的重视程度相联系。我们发现,社会取向就业顾虑比个人就业顾虑更广泛, 然而,只有持有个人就业顾虑的那部分人对经济问题的重视程度更大。我们的研究发现具有重要意义,以期理解 当科技引起的就业减少扩大时,人民如何看待科技对其工作造成的威胁和政策议程中的潜在转变。 Los observadores sostienen que los robots y otras tecnologías avanzadas eliminarán millones de puestos de trabajo en las democracias prósperas en las próximas décadas. Pero, ¿reconocen esto los ciudadanos de las democracias prósperas y, de ser así, afecta la importancia que tienen los problemas económicos en comparación con otros problemas que los gobiernos podrían abordar? Utilizando una encuesta Eurobarómetro única con un extenso conjunto de preguntas sobre tecnología, investigamos el alcance de las preocupaciones sociotrópicas y egoístas sobre el empleo con respecto a la tecnología y examinamos cómo estas preocupaciones se asocian con la priorización a nivel micro de los problemas económicos en los públicos europeos masivos. Encontramos que las preocupaciones sociotrópicas sobre el empleo con respecto a la tecnología están generalizadas en comparación con las egoístas, pero que solo aquellos con preocupaciones sobre el empleo egoísta demuestran una mayor priorización de los problemas económicos. Nuestros hallazgos tienen implicaciones importantes para comprender cómo las personas ven la amenaza que representa la tecnología para sus trabajos y los posibles cambios en las agendas políticas a medida que se propaga la pérdida de empleos inducida por la tecnología.

Suggested Citation

  • Tobias Heinrich & Christopher Witko, 2021. "Technology‐Induced Job Loss and the Prioritization of Economic Problems in the Mass Public," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 38(2), pages 164-179, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:38:y:2021:i:2:p:164-179
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12418
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