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Can a Coherent Risk Measure Be Too Subadditive?

Author

Listed:
  • J. Dhaene
  • R. J. A. Laeven
  • S. Vanduffel
  • G. Darkiewicz
  • M. J. Goovaerts

Abstract

We consider the problem of determining appropriate solvency capital requirements for an insurance company or a financial institution. We demonstrate that the subadditivity condition that is often imposed on solvency capital principles can lead to the undesirable situation where the shortfall risk increases by a merger. We propose to complement the subadditivity condition by a "regulator's condition". We find that for an explicitly specified confidence level, the Value-at-Risk satisfies the regulator's condition and is the "most efficient" capital requirement in the sense that it minimizes some reasonable cost function. Within the class of concave distortion risk measures, of which the elements, in contrast to the Value-at-Risk, exhibit the subadditivity property, we find that, again for an explicitly specified confidence level, the Tail-Value-at-Risk is the optimal capital requirement satisfying the regulator's condition. Copyright (c) The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 2008.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Dhaene & R. J. A. Laeven & S. Vanduffel & G. Darkiewicz & M. J. Goovaerts, 2008. "Can a Coherent Risk Measure Be Too Subadditive?," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 75(2), pages 365-386.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jrinsu:v:75:y:2008:i:2:p:365-386
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    Cited by:

    1. Dominique Guegan & Bertrand Hassani, 2016. "Combining risk measures to overcome their limitations - spectrum representation of the sub-additivity issue, distortion requirement and added-value of the Spatial VaR solution: An application to Regul," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-01391103, HAL.
    2. Bolance, Catalina & Guillen, Montserrat & Pelican, Elena & Vernic, Raluca, 2008. "Skewed bivariate models and nonparametric estimation for the CTE risk measure," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(3), pages 386-393, December.
    3. Griselda Deelstra & Michèle Vanmaele & David Vyncke, 2010. "Minimizing the Risk of a Financial Product Using a Put Option," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 77(4), pages 767-800.
    4. Burren, Daniel, 2013. "Insurance demand and welfare-maximizing risk capital—Some hints for the regulator in the case of exponential preferences and exponential claims," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 551-568.
    5. Dhaene, Jan & Denuit, Michel & Vanduffel, Steven, 2009. "Correlation order, merging and diversification," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(3), pages 325-332, December.
    6. Cheung, Ka Chun & Lo, Ambrose, 2013. "General lower bounds on convex functionals of aggregate sums," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 884-896.
    7. Genest, Christian & Gerber, Hans U. & Goovaerts, Marc J. & Laeven, Roger J.A., 2009. "Editorial to the special issue on modeling and measurement of multivariate risk in insurance and finance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 143-145, April.
    8. Dominique Guegan & Bertrand K. Hassani, 2016. "Combining risk measures to overcome their limitations - spectrum representation of the sub-additivity issue, distortion requirement and added-value of the Spatial VaR solution: An application to Regul," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 16066, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne.
    9. Cheung, Ka Chun & Lo, Ambrose, 2013. "Characterizations of counter-monotonicity and upper comonotonicity by (tail) convex order," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(2), pages 334-342.
    10. Furman, Edward & Zitikis, Ricardas, 2008. "Weighted risk capital allocations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 263-269, October.
    11. Kaas, Rob & Laeven, Roger J.A. & Nelsen, Roger B., 2009. "Worst VaR scenarios with given marginals and measures of association," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 146-158, April.
    12. Valdez, Emiliano A. & Dhaene, Jan & Maj, Mateusz & Vanduffel, Steven, 2009. "Bounds and approximations for sums of dependent log-elliptical random variables," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 385-397, June.
    13. Balbás, Alejandro & Balbás, Beatriz & Heras, Antonio, 2009. "Optimal reinsurance with general risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 374-384, June.
    14. He, Kun & Hu, Mingshang & Chen, Zengjing, 2009. "The relationship between risk measures and choquet expectations in the framework of g-expectations," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 79(4), pages 508-512, February.
    15. Gzyl, Henryk & Mayoral, Silvia, 2008. "Determination of risk pricing measures from market prices of risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(3), pages 437-443, December.
    16. Embrechts, Paul & Neslehová, Johanna & Wüthrich, Mario V., 2009. "Additivity properties for Value-at-Risk under Archimedean dependence and heavy-tailedness," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 164-169, April.
    17. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Paulo Sergio Ceretta, 2015. "Shortfall Deviation Risk: An alternative to risk measurement," Papers 1501.02007, arXiv.org, revised May 2016.
    18. Laeven, Roger J.A., 2009. "Worst VaR scenarios: A remark," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 159-163, April.
    19. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Laeven, Roger J.A., 2010. "Decision principles derived from risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 294-302, December.
    20. Fulga, Cristinca, 2016. "Portfolio optimization with disutility-based risk measure," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 251(2), pages 541-553.

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