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The Impact of the 1986 Tax Reform Act on Income Shifting from Corporate to Shareholder Tax Bases: Evidence from the Motor Carrier Industry

Author

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  • Charles R. Enis
  • Bin Ke

Abstract

Using a sample of privately held C corporations and S corporations from the motor carrier industry during 1984–92, we assess the effect of the 1986 Tax Reform Act on the amount of corporate income shareholders of privately held C corporations shifted to their personal tax bases. We estimate that the C corporations shifted a mean of $130,587 taxable income each year to shareholders (representing 29% of their mean accounting earnings before income shifting) after the 1986 tax law change. The C corporations used deductible managerial compensation and rent expense, but not interest expense, to shift income to shareholders.

Suggested Citation

  • Charles R. Enis & Bin Ke, 2003. "The Impact of the 1986 Tax Reform Act on Income Shifting from Corporate to Shareholder Tax Bases: Evidence from the Motor Carrier Industry," Journal of Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(1), pages 65-88, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:joares:v:41:y:2003:i:1:p:65-88
    DOI: 10.1111/1475-679X.00096
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shackelford, Douglas A. & Shevlin, Terry, 2001. "Empirical tax research in accounting," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1-3), pages 321-387, September.
    2. Feldstein, Martin, 1995. "The Effect of Marginal Tax Rates on Taxable Income: A Panel Study of the 1986 Tax Reform Act," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 103(3), pages 551-572, June.
    3. Enis, Charles R. & Morash, Edward A., 1993. "Infrastructure taxes, investment policy, and intermodal competition for the transportation industries," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 69-89, February.
    4. Boyer, Kenneth D, 1977. "Minimum Rate Regulation, Modal Split Sensitivities, and the Railroad Problem," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 85(3), pages 493-512, June.
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    1. Shih‐Ying Wu, 2005. "The Tax Effect on Taxable Income from Privately Held Businesses," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 71(4), pages 891-912, April.
    2. An Rommens & Ludo Cuyvers & Marc Deloof, 2012. "Dividend Policies of Privately Held Companies: Stand†Alone and Group Companies in Belgium," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 18(5), pages 816-835, November.

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