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Décomposition des sources d'inégalité d'accès à la santé de l'enfant: Une analyse comparative de quelques pays d'Afrique Subsaharienne

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  • M. Boubacar Bathily
  • Omar Sene

Abstract

Les inégalités d'accès à la santé constituent une préoccupation majeure des pouvoirs publics dans les pays en voie de développement. Dans ce document, nous cherchons à comprendre les sources de ces inégalités en utilisant une base de données d'enquête du DHS de 12 pays d'Afrique Sub‐Saharienne (Bénin, Ethiopie, Ghana, Kenya, Libéria, Mali, Guinée, Nigéria, Sierra‐Léone, Sénégal, Togo et Zambie). Après avoir mesuré leur degré d'inégalité à travers l'indice de concentration, nous avons employé une méthode récemment proposée par Wagstaff et al. (2003) pour décomposer cette inégalité en part "expliquée" par la contribution de ses facteurs déterminants et en composante résiduelle (ou effet "richesse" pur ou part "inexpliquée"). Les résultats ont montré que les facteurs déterminants contribuent à l'inégalité à des parts qui varient de 11 à 89%, selon les pays. Les variables qui contribuent le plus à l'inégalité "expliquée" sont l'éducation et les différences de milieux (urbain/rural) avec des parts respectives de 38,5 et 56%. Autrement dit, si la richesse avait été distribuée de manière égale, les inégalités en matière de santé resteraient en grande partie à cause des inégalités liées d'éducation et de milieux urbains et ruraux.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Boubacar Bathily & Omar Sene, 2021. "Décomposition des sources d'inégalité d'accès à la santé de l'enfant: Une analyse comparative de quelques pays d'Afrique Subsaharienne," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 33(2), pages 221-233, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:afrdev:v:33:y:2021:i:2:p:221-233
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12541
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