IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bis/bisqtr/2309e.html

CP and CDs markets: a primer

Author

Listed:
  • Matteo Aquilina
  • Andreas Schrimpf
  • Karamfil Todorov

Abstract

Commercial paper (CP) and certificates of deposits (CDs) are important short-term funding instruments for both financial and non-financial entities. We describe the origins and evolution of these markets in major jurisdictions. We show that money market funds (MMFs) are still significant as investors in CP and CDs, although their footprint has shrunk in response to stricter regulation. Various players have filled the gap left by MMFs, with non-financial companies and banks being particularly important in Japan, and non-bank financial institutions in the United States. Historically, US MMFs' absorption of short-term paper has tended to fall during stress episodes, creating strains for issuers in search of dollar funding, such as European banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Matteo Aquilina & Andreas Schrimpf & Karamfil Todorov, 2023. "CP and CDs markets: a primer," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bis:bisqtr:2309e
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qt2309e.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: http://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qt2309e.htm
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nina Boyarchenko & Richard K. Crump & Anna Kovner & Deborah Leonard, 2021. "COVID Response: The Commercial Paper Funding Facility," Staff Reports 982, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    2. Daniel Covitz & Nellie Liang & Gustavo A. Suarez, 2013. "The Evolution of a Financial Crisis: Collapse of the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(3), pages 815-848, June.
    3. Chen, Qi & Goldstein, Itay & Jiang, Wei, 2010. "Payoff complementarities and financial fragility: Evidence from mutual fund outflows," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(2), pages 239-262, August.
    4. Aldasoro, Iñaki & Ehlers, Torsten & Eren, Egemen, 2022. "Global banks, dollar funding, and regulation," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    5. Xiang Fang & Bryan Hardy & Karen K Lewis, 2025. "Who Holds Sovereign Debt and Why It Matters," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 38(8), pages 2326-2361.
    6. Marcin Kacperczyk & Philipp Schnabl, 2010. "When Safe Proved Risky: Commercial Paper during the Financial Crisis of 2007-2009," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 24(1), pages 29-50, Winter.
    7. Darpeix, Pierre-Emmanuel, 2022. "The market for short-term debt securities in Europe: what we know and what we do not know," ESRB Occasional Paper Series 21, European Systemic Risk Board.
    8. Iñaki Aldasoro & Peter Hördahl & Sonya Zhu, 2022. "Under pressure: market conditions and stress," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Aldasoro, Iñaki & Balke, Florian & Barth, Andreas & Eren, Egemen, 2022. "Spillovers of funding dry-ups," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    2. König, Philipp J. & Pothier, David, 2018. "Safe but fragile: Information acquisition, sponsor support and shadow bank runs," Discussion Papers 15/2018, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    3. Efraim Benmelech & Ralf R. Meisenzahl & Rodney Ramcharan, 2017. "The Real Effects of Liquidity During the Financial Crisis: Evidence from Automobiles," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 132(1), pages 317-365.
    4. Kyle D. Allen & Drew B. Winters, 2021. "Auditor response to changing risk: money market funds during the financial crisis," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 1057-1086, April.
    5. Qian, Meijun & Tanyeri, Başak, 2017. "Litigation and mutual-fund runs," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 119-135.
    6. Li, Yi, 2021. "Reciprocal lending relationships in shadow banking," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 600-619.
    7. repec:hum:wpaper:sfb649dp2016-045 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. O'Hara, Maureen & Zhou, Xing (Alex), 2021. "Anatomy of a liquidity crisis: Corporate bonds in the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(1), pages 46-68.
    9. Xuewen Liu, 2023. "A Model of Systemic Bank Runs," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 78(2), pages 731-793, April.
    10. Egemen Eren & Philip Wooldridge, 2022. "The role of non-bank financial institutions in cross-border spillovers," BIS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 129, May.
    11. Emily Gallagher & Sean Collins, 2016. "Money Market Funds and the Prospect of a US Treasury Default," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 6(01), pages 1-44, March.
    12. Mark Gertler & Simon Gilchrist, 2018. "What Happened: Financial Factors in the Great Recession," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 32(3), pages 3-30, Summer.
    13. Sultanum, Bruno, 2018. "Financial fragility and over-the-counter markets," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 616-658.
    14. Gertler, M. & Kiyotaki, N. & Prestipino, A., 2016. "Wholesale Banking and Bank Runs in Macroeconomic Modeling of Financial Crises," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & Harald Uhlig (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1345-1425, Elsevier.
    15. Ahmed Baig & Drew B. Winters, 2022. "The search for a new reference rate," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 939-976, April.
    16. Voellmy, Lukas, 2024. "Preventing runs under sequential revelation of liquidity needs," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    17. Lysandrou, Photis & Shabani, Mimoza & D’Avino, Carmela, 2022. "The explosive growth of the US ABCP market between 2004 and 2007: An integrated empirical analysis," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 31-46.
    18. Fernando M. Linardi, 2020. "Investors’ Behavior and Mutual Fund Portfolio Allocations in Brazil during the Global Financial Crisis," Working Papers Series 517, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    19. Chang, Jin-Wook & Chuan, Grace, 2024. "Contagion in debt and collateral markets," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    20. Carlos Arteta & Mark Carey & Ricardo Correa & Jason Kotter, 2020. "Revenge of the Steamroller: ABCP as a Window on Risk Choices," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 24(3), pages 497-528.
    21. Lugo, Stefano, 2023. "Cost of monitoring and risk taking in the money market funds industry," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bis:bisqtr:2309e. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Martin Fessler (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/bisssch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.