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Les réformes du marché du travail et la baisse du chômage structurel en France : rétrospective 2015-2025

Author

Listed:
  • Antoine Devulder
  • Marco G. Palladino

Abstract

En 2025, le taux de chômage en France s’est établi autour de 7,7 %, alors qu’il avait culminé à plus de 10 % en 2015. Même s’il remonte depuis 2022, l’amélioration est nette et celle ci ne tient pas seulement à la conjoncture : le taux de chômage structurel aurait reculé d’environ 1,3 point entre 2015 et 2025, selon nos estimations. Ce repli reflète à la fois l’impact des réformes structurelles mises en œuvre durant cette période – assurance chômage, ordonnances travail, apprentissage – et une amélioration plus diffuse du fonctionnement du marché du travail. Prises dans leur ensemble, les réformes expliqueraient plus de 80 % de la baisse du chômage structurel, soit environ un tiers de la diminution totale du chômage observée depuis 2015.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoine Devulder & Marco G. Palladino, 2026. "Les réformes du marché du travail et la baisse du chômage structurel en France : rétrospective 2015-2025," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 264.
    • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2026:264:01
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    File URL: https://www.banque-france.fr/system/files/2026-05/BDF264-1_Ch%C3%B4mage-structurel_web.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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