IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/arp/tjssrr/2019p782-788.html

Investigating Factors Influencing Brain Drain of Citizens of Azad Kashmir Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Wajahat Ali Ghulam

    (University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir)

  • Waqas Ali*

    (Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia)

  • Shujahat Ali

    (Mirpur University of Science and Technology)

  • Muhammad Masood Khan

    (Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia)

  • Raja Nasir Ali Khan

    (Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Farooq

    (Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia)

Abstract

The primary purpose of the paper to analyze the impact of Human Capital Migration on the social sector of Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Population of the study was the above matriculation (10th grade) migrants shifted from Pakistan to abroad. A sample of 300 people was request to fill the questionnaire out of which data collected from the 225 participants. To strengthen the study, we utilized both primary as well as secondary sources for data collection. Regression and correlation statistics utilized to identify the association between the predictor and outcome variables. Conclusively, there are numerous root causes of the Educated Human Capital Migration from the Mirpur Division Azad Jammu & Kashmir. This study finds that the Economic Factor, Social Factor, Job Opportunity Factor, Political Factor, Education System Factor, Pure Science Factor, Technological Factor has a significant impact on the phenomenon of Brain Drain. In the long run the migration of Educated Human Capital destructs the institution as well as the region. Study is benificial for the policy makers of Azad Jummu and Kashmir to attract the skilled migrants back to their orgin. The acamdicians can further study thus topic to explore the Brain Drain at demographic level.

Suggested Citation

  • Wajahat Ali Ghulam & Waqas Ali* & Shujahat Ali & Muhammad Masood Khan & Raja Nasir Ali Khan & Muhammad Farooq, 2019. "Investigating Factors Influencing Brain Drain of Citizens of Azad Kashmir Pakistan," The Journal of Social Sciences Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 5(3), pages 782-788, 03-2019.
    • Handle: RePEc:arp:tjssrr:2019:p:782-788
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.arpgweb.com/pdf-files/jssr5(3)782-788.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.arpgweb.com/journal/7/archive/03-2019/3/5
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. William Easterly & Ross Levine, 1997. "Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 112(4), pages 1203-1250.
    2. Eggert, Wolfgang & Krieger, Tim & Meier, Volker, 2010. "Education, unemployment and migration," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(5-6), pages 354-362, June.
    3. Beine, Michel & Docquier, Frederic & Rapoport, Hillel, 2001. "Brain drain and economic growth: theory and evidence," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 275-289, February.
    4. Sally Findley, 1987. "An interactive contextual model of migration in Ilocos Norte, the Philippines," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 24(2), pages 163-190, May.
    5. Batista, Catia & Lacuesta, Aitor & Vicente, Pedro C., 2012. "Testing the ‘brain gain’ hypothesis: Micro evidence from Cape Verde," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(1), pages 32-45.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Waqas Ali & Shujahat Ali & Shahid Mehmood, 2020. "Effect of Risk Management Practices on Banks Performance Moderating Role of Managerial Expertise as a Competitive Edge," IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), Ilma University, Faculty of Management Science, vol. 16(1), pages 16-17.
    2. Waqas Ali & Shujahat Ali & Shahid Mehmood, 2020. "Effect of Risk Management Practices on Banks Performance Moderating Role of Managerial Expertise as a Competitive Edge," IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), Ilma University, Faculty of Management Science, vol. 16(1), pages 88-100.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tina Dulam & Philip Hans Franses, 2015. "Emigration, wage differentials and brain drain: the case of Suriname," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(23), pages 2339-2347, May.
    2. Michael A. Clemens, 2016. "Losing our minds? New research directions on skilled emigration and development," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 37(7), pages 1227-1248, October.
    3. Biavaschi, Costanza & Burzynski, Michal & Elsner, Benjamin & Machado, Joël, 2016. "The Gain from the Drain: Skill-biased Migration and Global Welfare," IZA Discussion Papers 10275, IZA Network @ LISER.
    4. Rogers, Mark Llewellyn, 2008. "Directly unproductive schooling: How country characteristics affect the impact of schooling on growth," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 356-385, February.
    5. Marcus Böhme, 2015. "Migration and educational aspirations – Another channel of brain gain?," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 4(1), pages 1-24, December.
    6. Di Maria, Corrado & Lazarova, Emiliya A., 2012. "Migration, Human Capital Formation, and Growth: An Empirical Investigation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 938-955.
    7. Tijan L. Bah, 2018. "Occupation-skill mismatch and selection of immigrants: Evidence from the Portuguese labor market," NOVAFRICA Working Paper Series wp1804, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Nova School of Business and Economics, NOVAFRICA.
    8. Narcisse Cha'ngom & Christoph Deuster & Frédéric Docquier & Joël Machado, 2025. "Selective Migration and Economic Development: A Generalized Approach," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 66(4), pages 1713-1732, October.
    9. Julia Bredtmann & Fernanda Martínez Flores & Sebastian Otten, 2019. "Remittances and the Brain Drain: Evidence from Microdata for Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(7), pages 1455-1476, July.
    10. Björn NILSSON, 2019. "Education and migration: insights for policymakers," Working Paper 23ca9c54-061a-4d60-967c-f, Agence française de développement.
    11. Biavaschi, Costanza & Burzyński, Michał & Elsner, Benjamin & Machado, Joël, 2020. "Taking the skill bias out of global migration," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    12. Antwi, James & Phillips, David C., 2013. "Wages and health worker retention: Evidence from public sector wage reforms in Ghana," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 101-115.
    13. Yao Pan, 2017. "The Impact of Removing Selective Migration Restrictions on Education: Evidence from China," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 52(3), pages 859-885.
    14. Frédéric Docquier & Hillel Rapoport, 2012. "Globalization, Brain Drain, and Development," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 50(3), pages 681-730, September.
    15. Giovanni Peri & William Ambrosini & Karin Mayr & Dragos Radu, 2012. "The Selection of Migrants and Returnees in Romania: Evidence and long-run implications," Working Papers 136, University of California, Davis, Department of Economics.
    16. Hatton, Timothy J., 2014. "The economics of international migration: A short history of the debate," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 43-50.
    17. Dicarlo, Emanuele, 2022. "How Do Firms Adjust to Negative Labor Supply Shocks? Evidence from Migration Outflows," IZA Discussion Papers 14994, IZA Network @ LISER.
    18. Youngjin Woo & Min Jiang & Euijune Kim, 2021. "Analyzing return migration of high school graduates from lagging regions," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 309-319, December.
    19. Aida Galiano & José Gabriel Romero, 2018. "Brain drain and income distribution," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 124(3), pages 243-267, July.
    20. Jarand H Aarhus & Tor G Jakobsen, 2019. "Rewards of reforms: Can economic freedom and reforms in developing countries reduce the brain drain?," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 22(4), pages 327-347, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arp:tjssrr:2019:p:782-788. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Managing Editor (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://arpgweb.com/?ic=journal&journal=7&info=aims .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.