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Social and Economic Determinants of Human Trafficking: A Role of Forced Labour in Punjab, Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Salman Azam Joiya

    (Assistant Professor, Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Abdul Quddus

    (Professor, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, Pakistan)

Abstract

This paper analyses the relationship between human trafficking and the socio-demographic and economic variables that impact it. A total of 200 respondents from five regions of Punjab, Pakistan was interviewed, and the responses were recorded on a structured questionnaire. This study has conducted a descriptive and logistic regression analysis to measure the impact of independent variables on the dependent ones. The results show that gender, living area, marital status, family size, and education up to the primary level has a significant impact on human trafficking. All economic determinants used in the analysis show significant results. The income level and outstanding debt have a negative significant impact on human trafficking; whereas, financial stress increases it with significant results. In order to eliminate human trafficking, the study is concluded by recommending the influential and increased role of law enforcement agencies and revitalising the socio-economic and demographic structure of the country by creating economic opportunities.

Suggested Citation

  • Salman Azam Joiya & Muhammad Abdul Quddus, 2022. "Social and Economic Determinants of Human Trafficking: A Role of Forced Labour in Punjab, Pakistan," iRASD Journal of Economics, International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 4(3), pages 429-438, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:ani:irdjoe:v:4:y:2022:i:3:p:429-438
    DOI: 10.52131/joe.2022.0403.0090
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Omar Mahmoud, Toman & Trebesch, Christoph, 2010. "The economics of human trafficking and labour migration: Micro-evidence from Eastern Europe," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 173-188, June.
    3. Peggy Schyns, 2001. "Income and Satisfaction in Russia," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 2(2), pages 173-204, June.
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