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Work-Care Balance over the Day and the Gender Wage Gap

Author

Listed:
  • German Cubas
  • Chinhui Juhn
  • Pedro Silos

Abstract

We focus on the timing of labor supplied during the day and its interaction with home care responsibilities. Using the American Time Use Survey, we measure the incidence of household care activities between 8 AM and 5 PM (the prime time of the day). Women experience more work interruptions during that time. These work interruptions imply wages that are about 9 percent lower. This result is consistent with occupations offering more flexibility but also a lower wage. We offer suggestive evidence that missing work due to household demands has a larger penalty in occupations with more coordinated work schedules.

Suggested Citation

  • German Cubas & Chinhui Juhn & Pedro Silos, 2021. "Work-Care Balance over the Day and the Gender Wage Gap," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 111, pages 149-153, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:apandp:v:111:y:2021:p:149-53
    DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20211021
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Katja Maria Kaufmann & Yasemin Özdemir & Han Ye, 2022. "Spillover Effects of Old-Age Pension across Generations: Family Labor Supply and Child Outcomes," CESifo Working Paper Series 9813, CESifo.
    2. Hang Thu Nguyen-Phung & Miki Kohara & Secil Er, 2024. "The impact of ICT development on female employment and household’s well-being in Vietnam," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 75(4), pages 951-978, December.
    3. Iacopo Morchio & Christian Moser, 2026. "The Gender Pay Gap: Micro Sources and Macro Consequences," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 116(5), pages 1765-1810, May.
    4. Frech, Maria & Maideu-Morera, Gerard, 2024. "The Hidden Demand for Flexibility: a Theory for Gendered Employment Dynamics," TSE Working Papers 24-1588, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    5. Bernt Bratsberg & Selma Walther, 2024. "The impact of flexibility at work on fertility," IFS Working Papers W24/27, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    6. Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia & Victoria Vernon, 2022. "Telework, Wages, and Time Use in the United States," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 687-734, September.
    7. Sztachera, Maciej, 2024. "Hours, wages, and multipliers," MPRA Paper 121556, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • D13 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Production and Intrahouse Allocation

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