Conceptual model of state support for the digital transformation of agriculture in Russia: ecosystem for creating end-to-end value chains

The purpose of the study is to develop a new model of state support for the digital transformation of agriculture in Russia, which is focused not on fragmentary subsidies for the purchase of equipment and software, but on stimulating the formation of end-to-end digital value chains. The objectives of the study include analyzing the institutional limitations of existing state support mechanisms, justifying the need for a transition to an ecosystem approach where the state acts as the architect of the digital environment, and developing a set of institutional innovations, including industry-specific data exchange standards, a trusted environment for anonymized information exchange, and the priority development of telecommunications infrastructure. The research methodology is based on a systemic-institutional approach, methods of analyzing the regulatory framework, comparative analysis of international practices, and modeling of institutional interactions. The research results are presented in the form of a conceptual model of state support, which includes four key areas: regulatory and legal regulation of agro-data circulation, infrastructure support for digital connectivity, institutionalization of competence centers, and mechanisms for stimulating data cooperation. The scientific novelty lies in the integration of digital ecosystem management principles with agricultural policy tools, which helps to overcome the problem of “digital islands.†The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the proposed model by the Russian Ministry of Agriculture and regional authorities to develop targeted support programs that involve the targeted allocation of funds from the federal and regional budgets (including through public-private partnership mechanisms) to small and medium-sized agricultural producers, scientific and consulting organizations, for connecting to high-speed digital infrastructure, integrating into industry-specific data marketplaces, and developing personnel competencies.