Understanding Gender-Based Challenges in Agricultural Innovation Adoption in Pakistan

This study investigates the impact of gender roles on the adoption of agricultural innovations in Pakistan, particularly focusing on rice farming. The research highlights the significance of gender-sensitive approaches in enhancing agricultural practices and performance. A predominantly male-headed household structure (90.2%) reflects traditional gender norms, which influence the adoption and implementation of new farming techniques. Women, primarily engaged in household work (69.1%) and limited agricultural activities (30.1%), face substantial barriers due to socio-economic and cultural factors, including restricted access to resources and technical knowledge.Educational disparities are notable, with high illiteracy rates among both men (92%) and women (96.2%) over 17 years old, and lower literacy levels in young children, particularly girls. These educational gaps exacerbate existing economic inequalities and hinder the adoption of innovative practices. Women’s involvement in income-generating activities is predominantly restricted to household work and limited agricultural labor, highlighting the need for expanded economic opportunities and access to alternative livelihoods.The study underscores the impact of traditional gender roles on labor division and innovation adoption. Children’s early involvement in agricultural and household tasks further illustrates the socio-economic pressures faced by rural families, affecting their educational opportunities and perpetuating poverty. The findings advocate for targeted interventions to address educational and economic inequalities, reduce child labor, and promote gender-sensitive agricultural innovations to enhance socio-economic development in rural communities.