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Politique monétaire, Choix de portefeuille du secteur bancaire et Canal de la prise de risque

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  • Marie-Sophie Gauvin

    (LEAD - Laboratoire d'Économie Appliquée au Développement - UTLN - Université de Toulon)

  • Philippe Gilles

    (LEAD - Laboratoire d'Économie Appliquée au Développement - UTLN - Université de Toulon)

  • Nicolas Huchet

    (LEAD - Laboratoire d'Économie Appliquée au Développement - UTLN - Université de Toulon)

Abstract

The question of central banks’ partial liability for emerging crisis is raised when sustainable low interest rates lead to excessive risk exposures, especially if faced by banks. Portfolio choices also depend on the bank capital channel and may induce regulatory capital arbitrages. In this context, a simple model shows that monetary policy can induce both a fall in credit activity and an increase in financial instability. Moreover, securitization can enhance bank solvency, but also systemic risks through the shadow banking system. Conclusions can be drawn in terms of monetary and prudential policies. Résumé – La responsabilité des banques centrales dans le déclenchement des crises est mise en cause lorsque des taux d’intérêt directeurs durablement bas favorisent des prises de risques excessives, notamment de la part des banques. Ces dernières réalisent également des choix en liaison avec la distorsion induite par l’existence de ratios de capital réglementaires, suivant le canal dit du capital bancaire. Dans ce contexte, un modèle simple centré sur le secteur bancaire permet de montrer comment le pilotage macroéconomique par les taux d’intérêt peut favoriser des arbitrages défavorables à l’activité traditionnelle de crédit et producteurs d’instabilité financière. La possibilité de titriser les créances peut renforcer la solvabilité bancaire, mais produit à son tour de nouveaux risques en liaison avec la création de monnaie par le secteur bancaire fantôme. Des résultats s’en dégagent en termes de politiques monétaire et prudentielle.
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Suggested Citation

  • Marie-Sophie Gauvin & Philippe Gilles & Nicolas Huchet, 2012. "Politique monétaire, Choix de portefeuille du secteur bancaire et Canal de la prise de risque," Post-Print halshs-01716650, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01716650
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