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El Mercado Laboral en Chile Nuevos Temas y Desafíos

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Author Info
Jaime Gatica
Pilar Romaguera ()
Abstract

La situación laboral ha generado una creciente preocupación en los últimos años en Chile. El lento crecimiento de la economía a partir de la crisis asiática de los añnos 1998-99 determinó el aumento de la tasa de desocupación que se ha mantenido en el tiempo, situación que dio lugar a un debate acerca de las causas del desempleo y, en particular, sobre si este era de carácter cíclico o estructural. A esto, a su vez, se suman nuevos temas como la alta rotación del empleo, los efectos económicos de la legislación laboral, y las dificultades de inserción laboral de grupos específicos de la población, como son los jóvenes y las mujeres. Al examinar los distintos trabajos que se han realizado recientemente sobre estos temas, veremos que algunos ratifican la evidencia encontrada por investigaciones previas; sin embargo, existen también nuevos resultados que son aparentemente contradictorios o plantean verdaderos puzzles en su interpretación. Esto se explica no sólo porque cada investigación enfatiza un aspecto particular de esta problemática, sino también porque el mercado laboral parece ser más heterogéneo de lo esperado. A partir de esta revisión surge una interesante agenda futura de temas laborales cuya solución es necesaria para potenciar el crecimiento de la economía en el mediano plazo.

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Paper provided by Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile in its series Documentos de Trabajo with number 210.

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Date of creation: 2005
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Handle: RePEc:edj:ceauch:210

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  1. Raphael Bergoeing & Andrés Hernando & Andrea Repetto, 2003. "Idiosyncratic Productivity Shocks and Plant-Level Heterogeneity," Documentos de Trabajo 173, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile. [Downloadable!]
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  3. John Haltiwanger & C J Krizan & Lucia Foster, 1998. "Aggregate Productivity Growth: Lessons From Microeconomic Evidence," Working Papers 98-12, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Budd, John W., 2000. "The effect of strike replacement legislation on employment," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(2), pages 225-247, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Oliver Jean Blanchard & Peter Diamond, 1990. "The Cyclical Behovior of the Gross Flows of U.S. Workers," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 21(1990-2), pages 85-156. [Downloadable!]
  6. Alejandro Micco - Carmen Pages, 2004. "Employment Protection and Gross Job Flows1," Econometric Society 2004 Latin American Meetings 295, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
  7. Alexis Camhi & Eduardo Engel & Alejandro Micco, 1997. "Dinámica de empleo y productividad en manufactura: Evidencia micro y consecuencias macro," Documentos de Trabajo 19, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile.
  8. Steven J. Davis & John C. Haltiwanger & Scott Schuh, 1998. "Job Creation and Destruction," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262540932, December.
  9. James J. Heckman & Carmen Pages, 2000. "The Cost of Job Security Regulation: Evidence from Latin American Labor Markets," NBER Working Papers 7773, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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