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Heckscher-Ohlin and Agglomeration

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Author Info
Paolo Epifani () (Universita' di Parma, Parma, Italy, CESPRI, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy)

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Abstract

New Economic Geography (NEG) models are difficult to confront with the data, since "on the one hand, they generally emphasise the unleashing of agglomeration forces after trade liberalisation, but on the other hand, they also accomodate multiple equilibria and non-monotonicity" (Brülhart, 1998a). In this paper, we show that once factor proportions are fully taken into account in a standard NEG model, the indeterminacy arising from multiple equilibria becomes less severe, and non-monotonicy arises as the most general implication of this literature. We further show that, although trade integration among similar countries ultimately leads to factor price equalisation, agglomeration economies imply an overshooting of relative factor prices with respect to their free trade level in the process of economic integration. Finally, we show that the joint interaction of factor proportions and agglomeration economies may help explain the simultaneous rise in production specialisation and fall in trade specialisation experienced by most European countries in the last decades.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by KITeS, Centre for Knowledge, Internationalization and Technology Studies, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy in its series KITeS Working Papers with number 126.

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Length: 31 pages
Date of creation: Mar 2001
Date of revision: Dec 2001
Handle: RePEc:cri:cespri:wp126

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Related research
Keywords: Integration; Specialisation; New economic geography; Factor proportions; Stolper-Samuelson;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. J. Peter Neary, 2001. "Of Hype and Hyperbolas: Introducing the New Economic Geography," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 39(2), pages 536-561, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Krugman, Paul R & Venables, Anthony J, 1995. "Globalization and the Inequality of Nations," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 110(4), pages 857-80, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Puga, Diego, 1999. "The rise and fall of regional inequalities," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 303-334, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Venables, Anthony J., 1998. "The International Division of Industries: Clustering and Comparative Advantage in a Multi-Industry Model," CEPR Discussion Papers 1961, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Ottaviano, G.I.P., 1999. "Ad Usum Delphini: a Primer in 'New Economic Geography'," Economics Working Papers eco99/28, European University Institute.
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  6. Amiti, Mary, 2001. "Location of Vertically Linked Industries: Agglomeration versus Comparative Advantage," CEPR Discussion Papers 2800, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Ottaviano, Gianmarco Ireo Paolo & Puga, Diego, 1997. "Agglomeration in the Global Economy: A Survey of the 'New Economic Geography'," CEPR Discussion Papers 1699, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Forslid, Rikard & Wooton, Ian, 1999. "Comparative Advantage and the Location of Production," CEPR Discussion Papers 2118, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Krugman, Paul & Venables, Anthony J., 1993. "Integration, Specialization and Adjustment," CEPR Discussion Papers 886, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Markusen, James R. & Venables, Anthony J., 2000. "The theory of endowment, intra-industry and multi-national trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 209-234, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Daron Acemoglu, 1999. "Patterns of Skill Premia," NBER Working Papers 7018, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  12. Davis, Donald R, 1998. "The Home Market, Trade, and Industrial Structure," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 88(5), pages 1264-76, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Midelfart-Knarvik, K.H. & Overman, H.G. & Redding, S.J. & Venables, A.J., 2000. "The Location of European Industry," European Economy - Economic Papers 142, Commission of the EC, Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN).
  14. Giovanni Peri, . "The Dynamics of National Specialization," Working Papers 156, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University. [Downloadable!]
  15. Antonio Ricci, Luca, 1999. "Economic geography and comparative advantage:: Agglomeration versus specialization," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 357-377, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Dixit, Avinash K & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1977. "Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 67(3), pages 297-308, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Puga, Diego & Venables, Anthony J., 1998. "Agglomeration and Economic Development: Import Substitution Vs. Trade Liberalization," CEPR Discussion Papers 1782, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Masahisa Fujita & Paul Krugman & Anthony J. Venables, 2001. "The Spatial Economy: Cities, Regions, and International Trade," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262561476, December.
  19. Venables, Anthony J, 1996. "Equilibrium Locations of Vertically Linked Industries," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 37(2), pages 341-59, May.
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  20. Krugman, Paul, 1991. "Increasing Returns and Economic Geography," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(3), pages 483-99, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  21. Krugman, Paul & Venables, Anthony J., 1990. "Integration and the Competitiveness of Peripheral Industry," CEPR Discussion Papers 363, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. PICARD, Pierre M. & ZENG, Dao-Zhi, 2006. "Industrial location : a synthesis of Chamberlin and Ricardo," CORE Discussion Papers 2006055, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE). [Downloadable!]
  2. G.A. Minerva, 2006. "Natural Advantage, Location and Trade Patterns in Increasing Returns to Scale Industries," Working Papers 560, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna. [Downloadable!]
  3. Frédéric Robert-Nicoud, 2006. "Agglomeration and Trade with Input--Output Linkages and Capital Mobility," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 1(1), pages 101-126, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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