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Assessing the effectiveness of total foreign aid and foreign energy aid inflows on environmental quality in India

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  • Mahalik, Mantu Kumar
  • Villanthenkodath, Muhammed Ashiq
  • Mallick, Hrushikesh
  • Gupta, Monika

Abstract

This paper empirically examines the relative effectiveness of total foreign aid and foreign energy aid inflows on CO2 emissions in India over the period of 1978-2014 by endogenising economic growth, energy consumption, globalisation, FDI and remittances inflows as additional factors in a carbon emissions function. The results emanating from the ARDL bounds test provides evidence of a significant long-run relationship among the variables. Interestingly, it is observed that the foreign aid inflows, globalisation, and energy consumption significantly reduce CO2 emissions, whereas foreign energy aid inflows, economic growth, FDI and remittances inflows induce it. From a climate mitigation policy perspective, the results suggest that the Indian government can focus more on receiving the inflow of total foreign aid than foreign energy aid to improve the environmental quality. Given the potentiality of total foreign aid in driving the quality of the environment in India, it may be argued that much more utilisation of total foreign aid needs to be directed towards long-run investment on environmental sustainability enhancing-driven clean energy projects for an emerging economy like India.

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  • Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Villanthenkodath, Muhammed Ashiq & Mallick, Hrushikesh & Gupta, Monika, 2021. "Assessing the effectiveness of total foreign aid and foreign energy aid inflows on environmental quality in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:149:y:2021:i:c:s0301421520307266
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112015
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    CO2 emissions per capita; Total foreign aid inflows; Foreign energy aid inflows; ARDL bound Test; India;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling
    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid
    • Q49 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Other
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models

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