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La productividad y sus determinantes:el caso de la industria colombiana Author info | Abstract | Publisher info | Download info | Related research | Statistics Juan José Echavarría ()
María Angélica Arbeláez
María Fernanda Rosales ()
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Se analiza en este trabajo la dinámica de la productividad de la industria colombiana en el período 1981-2002. Para ello se realizan cálculos de la productividad total de los factores (PTF) usando técnicas semiparamétricas con datos a nivel de planta. Se muestra que la productividad multifactorial no cayó en Colombia en las décadas de los 1980 y 1990, cuando se miden adecuadamente los factores e insumos y cuando se trabaja con metodologías econométricas adecuadas. El presente estudio sugiere que la productividad creció más en los años noventa que en los años ochenta, en buena parte debido al impacto de las reformas económicas adoptadas a comienzo de la década, y que la evolución favorable de la productividad ha estado asociada con la apertura “hacia dentro” (i.e., altas importaciones y bajos aranceles y para-aranceles) más que con las mayores exportaciones y subsidios a las exportaciones. En Colombia innovan más las plantas que crecen (o grandes), aquellas con alta inversión (o con alta relación capital-trabajo), con bajos niveles de deuda, y aquellas que operan en sectores poco concentrados. La inversión extranjera no ha sido un factor importante en la innovación de las empresas.
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Article provided by UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES-CEDE in its journal REVISTA DESARROLLO Y SOCIEDAD .
Volume (Year): (2006)
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Andrés Langebaek R. & Diego Vásquez E., .
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433, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
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