IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/cai/ecoldc/ecop_150_0013.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Emploi : une analyse critique des politiques malthusiennes

Author

Listed:
  • David Spector

Abstract

This article builds and calibrates a model of the French labour market in order to compare the effect of the various economic policy measures: Malthusian measures to withdraw individuals from the working population and measures to lower charges. The model stresses the importance of the heterogeneousness of individual productivity near the minimum wage. Estimation of the elasticity of low wages to the unemployment rate and the use of existing empirical data demonstrate that productivity is very heterogeneous at this level, which makes Malthusian measures relatively ineffective: one hundred withdrawals from the labour market free up at most forty jobs. By contrast, reducing the cost of unskilled labour is effective in the long term and may even have a negative or zero cost for public finance.

Suggested Citation

  • David Spector, 2001. "Emploi : une analyse critique des politiques malthusiennes," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(4), pages 13-31.
    • Handle: RePEc:cai:ecoldc:ecop_150_0013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.cairn.info/load_pdf.php?ID_ARTICLE=ECOP_150_0013
    Download Restriction: free
    File URL: http://www.cairn.info/revue-economie-et-prevision-1-2001-4-page-13.htm
    Download Restriction: free
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jean-Marc Germain, 1997. "Allégements de charges sociales, coût du travail et emploi dans les modèles d'équilibre : enjeux et débats," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 301(1), pages 73-94.
    2. Nada Eissa & Jeffrey B. Liebman, 1996. "Labor Supply Response to the Earned Income Tax Credit," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 111(2), pages 605-637.
    3. John M. Abowd & Patrick Corbel & Francis Kramarz, 1999. "The Entry And Exit Of Workers And The Growth Of Employment: An Analysis Of French Establishments," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 81(2), pages 170-187, May.
    4. Meyer, Bruce D, 1996. "What Have We Learned from the Illinois Reemployment Bonus Experiment?," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 14(1), pages 26-51, January.
    5. Katharine G. Abraham & John C. Haltiwanger, 1995. "Real Wages and the Business Cycle," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 33(3), pages 1215-1264, September.
    6. Bernard Salanié, 2000. "Une maquette analytique de long terme du marché du travail," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 146(5), pages 1-13.
    7. Meyer, Robert H & Wise, David A, 1983. "The Effects of the Minimum Wage on the Employment and Earnings of Youth," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 1(1), pages 66-100, January.
    8. Kramarz, Francis & Philippon, Thomas, 2001. "The impact of differential payroll tax subsidies on minimum wage employment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 115-146, October.
    9. Thomas Piketty, 1997. "La redistribution fiscale face au chômage," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 12(1), pages 157-201.
    10. David Card & Francis Kramarz & Thomas Lemieux, 1999. "Changes in the Relative Structure of Wages and Employment: A Comparison of the United States, Canada, and France," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 32(4), pages 843-877, August.
    11. Sophie Audric & Pauline Givord & Corinne Prost, 2000. "Estimation de l'impact sur l'emploi non qualifié des mesures de baisse de charges," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(3), pages 513-522.
    12. Daniel Cohen & Pascaline Dupas, 2000. "Trajectoires comparées des chômeurs en France et aux États-Unis," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 332(1), pages 17-26.
    13. Thomas Piketty, 1998. "L'impact des incitations financières au travail sur les comportements individuels : une estimation pour le cas français," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 132(1), pages 1-35.
    14. Denis Fougère & Francis Kramarz, 1997. "Le marché du travail en France : quelques pistes d'analyse," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 301(1), pages 51-60.
    15. Marimon, Ramon & Zilibotti, Fabrizio, 2000. "Employment and distributional effects of restricting working time," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(7), pages 1291-1326, June.
    16. Blanchard, Olivier J. & Summers, Lawrence H., 1987. "Hysteresis in unemployment," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(1-2), pages 288-295.
    17. Meyer, Robert H & Wise, David A, 1983. "Discontinuous Distributions and Missing Persons: The Minimum Wage and Unemployed Youth," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 51(6), pages 1677-1698, November.
    18. Jean-Pierre Laffargue, 2000. "Effets et financement d'une réduction des charges sur les bas salaires," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(3), pages 489-498.
    19. Ch. GIANELLA, 2000. "Local unemployment and wages," Documents de Travail de l'Insee - INSEE Working Papers g2000-12, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques.
    20. Jean-Philippe Cotis & Renaud Méary & Nicolas Sobczak, 1998. "Le chômage d'équilibre en France. Une évaluation," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 49(3), pages 921-935.
    21. Guy Laroque & Bernard Salanié, 2000. "Une décomposition du non-emploi en France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 331(1), pages 47-66.
    22. Yannick L'Horty & Nicolas Sobczak, 1997. "Les déterminants du chômage d'équilibre : estimation d'un modèle WS-PS," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 127(1), pages 101-116.
    23. Daniel S. Hamermesh, 1993. "Labor Demand and the Source of Adjustment Costs," NBER Working Papers 4394, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    24. Philippe Askenazy, 2000. "Réduction du temps de travail. Organisation et conditions de travail," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(3), pages 547-556.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jérôme Gautié & David Margolis, 2009. "Introduction," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 429(1), pages 3-19.
    2. Vincent Charlet & Philippe Frocrain, 2017. "Les limites des allégements de charges sur les bas salaires," Working Papers hal-01695167, HAL.
    3. Éric Heyer & Mathieu Plane, 2012. "Impact des allégements de cotisations patronales des bas salaires sur l'emploi. L'apport des modèles macroéconomiques," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(7), pages 123-140.
    4. Mathieu Bunel & Céline Emond & Yannick L’Horty, 2012. "Évaluer les réformes des exonérations générales de cotisations sociales," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(7), pages 57-103.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/eo6779thqgm5r489m6s8g682l is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Pierre Cahuc, 2002. "A quoi sert la prime pour l'emploi ?," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 16(3), pages 3-61.
    7. Christian Gianella & Sandrine Duchêne & Sébastien Doisy, 2004. "Un modèle d’appariement avec hétérogénéité du facteur travail : un nouvel outil d’évaluation des politiques économiques," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 162(1), pages 1-22.
    8. Teulings, Coen N, 2000. "Aggregation Bias in Elasticities of Substitution and the Minimum Wage Paradox," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 41(2), pages 359-398, May.
    9. Etienne Lehmann & Claudio Lucifora & Simone Moriconi & Bruno Van der Linden, 2016. "Beyond the labour income tax wedge: the unemployment-reducing effect of tax progressivity," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 23(3), pages 454-489, June.
    10. Pierre Cahuc & Stéphane Carcillo & Thomas Le Barbanchon, 2014. "Do Hiring Credits Work in Recessions?: Evidence from France," Sciences Po publications 8330, Sciences Po.
    11. repec:eee:labchp:v:3:y:1999:i:pc:p:2985-3028 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Seppo Honkapohja & Frank Westermann, 2009. "Labour Market Reform in Europe," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Seppo Honkapohja & Frank Westermann (ed.), Designing the European Model, chapter 2, pages 61-81, Palgrave Macmillan.
    13. François Legendre & Jean-Paul Lorgnet & Florence Thibault, 2003. "La distribution des incitations financières au travail en France : l'évaluation du modèle Myriade," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 0(4), pages 23-48.
    14. Guy Laroque & Bernard Salanié, 2000. "Une décomposition du non-emploi en France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 331(1), pages 47-66.
    15. Tito Boeri & Jan van Ours, 2013. "The Economics of Imperfect Labor Markets: Second Edition," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 10142.
    16. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/4bckbd1dtk8jdp1dnjedlgofe2 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Dickens, Richard & Machin, Stephen & Manning, Alan, 1998. "Estimating the effect of minimum wages on employment from the distribution of wages: A critical view," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 109-134, June.
    18. Eric Heyer, 2011. "The effectiveness of economic policy and position in the cycle: the case of tax reductions on overtime in France," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 27(2), pages 364-379.
    19. Chen Yu-Fu & Funke Michael, 2004. "Working Time and Employment Under Uncertainty," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 8(3), pages 1-23, September.
    20. Christopher J. Flinn, 2002. "Interpreting Minimum Wage Effects on Wage Distributions : A Cautionary Tale," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 67-68, pages 309-355.
    21. Verdugo, Gregory, 2014. "The great compression of the French wage structure, 1969–2008," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 131-144.
    22. Nilsen, Oivind A. & Salvanes, Kjell G. & Schiantarelli, Fabio, 2007. "Employment changes, the structure of adjustment costs, and plant size," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 577-598, April.
    23. Pierre Cahuc & Stéphane Carcillo & Thomas Le Barbanchon, 2019. "The Effectiveness of Hiring Credits," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 86(2), pages 593-626.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cai:ecoldc:ecop_150_0013. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Jean-Baptiste de Vathaire (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.cairn.info/revue-economie-et-prevision.htm .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.