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Staying or leaving? The effects of university availability on educational choices and rural depopulation

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  • Ida Lovén
  • Cecilia Hammarlund
  • Martin Nordin

Abstract

Universities are often viewed as engines of local economic growth that could mitigate rural depopulation. However, university studies might make individuals more prone to move. We explore this issue in a quasi‐experiment arising due to a sudden reduction in the number of student places at a regional university in northern Sweden in 1998. We find that the reduction in student places affected both educational choices and long‐term migration. Women studied at a university further from home and became more mobile, while men neither studied nor moved. Also, to study at a distant university had a larger impact on migration than studies nearby. This heterogeneity contributes to the understanding of how education affects migration from rural areas. A menudo se considera a las universidades como motores del crecimiento económico local que podrían mitigar la despoblación rural. Sin embargo, los estudios universitarios pueden hacer que los individuos sean más propensos a moverse. Esta cuestión se explora en un cuasi experimento que surgió debido a una repentina reducción del número de plazas de estudiantes en una universidad regional del norte de Suecia en 1998. Se encontró que la reducción de plazas de estudiantes afectó tanto a las opciones educativas como a la migración a largo plazo. Las mujeres estudiaron en una universidad más alejada de su hogar y se movieron más a menudo, mientras que los hombres ni estudiaron ni se movieron. Además, estudiar en una universidad lejana tuvo un mayor impacto en la migración que los estudios cercanos. Esta heterogeneidad contribuye a la comprensión de la forma en que la educación afecta a la migración de las zonas rurales. 大学は、往々にして地方の過疎化を抑制する地域経済成長の原動力とみなされる。しかし、大学教育は人が移動する傾向を高める可能性がある。本稿ではこの問題を1998年にスウェーデン北部の地方大学の学生寮(student place)の急激な減少のために行われた擬似実験で検討した。学生寮の減少が教育の選択と長期的な移動の両方に影響を及ぼしていることがわかった。女性は家から遠く離れた大学で勉強し、より移動する傾向が高くなったが、男性は勉強も移動もしなかった。また、遠くの大学で学ぶことは、近くの大学で学ぶことよりも移動に大きな影響を与えた。この不均一性は、どのように教育が地方からの移動に影響を与えるかを理解することに寄与するものである。

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  • Ida Lovén & Cecilia Hammarlund & Martin Nordin, 2020. "Staying or leaving? The effects of university availability on educational choices and rural depopulation," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(5), pages 1339-1365, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:99:y:2020:i:5:p:1339-1365
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12530
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    3. Marcos Carchano & Inmaculada Carrasco & Sebastián Castillo & M. Carmen García-Cortijo, 2021. "The Social Economy as a Factor of Economic Development and Resilience of Population in Rural Areas. A Study of Mediating Effects in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Jorge González Chapela & Sergi Jiménez-Martín & Judit Vall Castello, 2023. "Education and internal migration: evidence from a child labor reform in Spain," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 14(2), pages 143-164, June.
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