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Die russischen Rentner in den 90er Jahren: Einkommen, Lebensweise und Strategien der Armutsbewältigung

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  • Tchernina, Natalia

Abstract

Die Rentner bilden eine soziale Schicht der russischen Gesellschaft, die häufiger als andere Bevölkerungsgruppen mit Armut in Berührung kommt. Sie gehören zu den einkommensschwachen Menschen in der Russischen Föderation, und ein großer Teil von ihnen ist - insbesondere in den ländlichen Gebieten - über viele Jahre verarmt. Diese Situation ist das Ergebnis eines schwachen sozialen Sicherungssystems. Um ihre Armut zu bewältigen, nutzen die meisten russischen Rentner daher traditionelle Lebensmodelle, wie insbesondere das Modell der Hauswirtschaft und der Familiennetzwerke, deren Stellenwert in den Informationen der offiziellen Statistik allerdings nicht zum Ausdruck kommt. Zur näheren Untersuchung der Überlebensstrategien von Rentnern in der Russischen Föderation konnten in diesem Beitrag erstmals Informationen aus dem 'The Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey' (RLMS) ausgewertet werden. Aus den Daten dieser Stichprobenerhebung der Bevölkerung Rußlands wurden verschiedene Aspekte der Familiensituation für drei Kategorien von Rentnerhaushalten (Rentnerehepaare, alleinstehende Rentner und arme Rentnerehepaare) ermittelt und bearbeitet. Auf der deskriptiven Ebene wird ein reichhaltiges Material zur Einkommenssituation von Rentnern dargeboten, das sicherlich für die Ausarbeitung einer wirkungsvollen Sozialpolitik, insbesondere für die staatliche Organisierung der verschiedenen Beihilfearten und Sozialfürsorgeleistungen, für die Rentner in der Russischen Föderation von Interesse wäre. Im Schlusskapitel werden sowohl gegenwärtige Maßnahmen der Sozialpolitik in der Russischen Föderation als auch regionale Sozialfürsorgeprogramme präsentiert.

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  • Tchernina, Natalia, 2001. "Die russischen Rentner in den 90er Jahren: Einkommen, Lebensweise und Strategien der Armutsbewältigung," Working papers of the ZeS 10/2001, University of Bremen, Centre for Social Policy Research (ZeS).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zeswps:102001
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    1. Cox, Donald & Jakubson, George, 1995. "The connection between public transfers and private interfamily transfers," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(1), pages 129-167, May.
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