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Näherung oder Richtung? Der Theorienstreit der Wahlforschung aus der Sicht politischer Repräsentation

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  • Welzel, Christian
  • Cusack, Thomas R.

Abstract

Der Beitrag diskutiert den in der Wahlforschung herrschenden Theorienstreit zwischen Näherung- und Richtungsmodellen aus der Problemperspektive politischer Repräsentation. Aus dieser Perspektive ist die zentrale Frage, wie sich die Parteien zu den ideologischen Positionen ihrer Wähleraggregate platzieren und ob diese Platzierung eher den Erwartungen des Näherung- oder des Richtungsmodells entspricht. Unsere Analysen zeigen, daß keines der beiden konträren Modelle in Reinform funktioniert. Dieselbe Modifikation bewirkt aber, daß beide Modelle mit der Realität konform gehen. Diese Modifikation berücksichtigt die ideologische Distanz zwischen den Wähleraggregaten (Basisdistanz) in ihrer Rolle als wettbewerbsstrukturierendes Element. Die Basisdistanz bietet ein repräsentationstheoretisch adäquates Kriterium (das Lotkriterium), um die Grenzen politischer Repräsentationszonen aus der empirisch jeweils vorgefundenen Konstellation eindeutig bestimmen zu können.

Suggested Citation

  • Welzel, Christian & Cusack, Thomas R., 1999. "Näherung oder Richtung? Der Theorienstreit der Wahlforschung aus der Sicht politischer Repräsentation," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Institutions and Social Change FS III 99-201, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzbisc:fsiii99201
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