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Mercosur: localización de la producción. Un modelo de geografía económica

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  • María Inés Terra
  • Adriana Gigliotti

Abstract

El MERCOSUR acuerda la eliminación de barreras al comercio entre países fronterizos que presentan una gran asimetría en su dimensión geográfica y económica y que se ubican a gran distancia de los centros económicos mundiales. A partir de variaciones sobre un modelo de equilibrio general estilizado se examinan posibles impactos de la conformación de un mercado común sobre la localización geográfica de la producción simulando distintos escenarios de apertura en un mundo formado por países y regiones naturales. Se trabaja con un modelo de competencia monopolística con economías de escala, diferenciación de productos y costos de transporte aplicado a un mundo en que existen dos sectores productivos, un único factor, tres países y cinco regiones naturales. La presencia de economías de escala y barreras al movimiento de bienes provocaría un "efecto-aglomeración" en torno a los mercados de mayor tamaño relativo provocando una especialización de las regiones menores en sectores sin economías de escala. Sin embargo, la trayectoria de especialización no es lineal. Su evolución y el equilibrio final con uno o varios centros industriales depende de la interacción entre el tamaño relativo de los mercados, los costos de transporte, los niveles de aranceles y el poder de mercado de las firmas.

Suggested Citation

  • María Inés Terra & Adriana Gigliotti, 1994. "Mercosur: localización de la producción. Un modelo de geografía económica," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0794, Department of Economics - dECON.
  • Handle: RePEc:ude:wpaper:0794
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    File URL: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12008/2275
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kokko, Ari & Tansini, Ruben & Zejan, Mario, 1994. "Productivity Spillovers from FDI in the Uruguayan Manufacturing Sector," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 2, Stockholm School of Economics.
    2. Alvaro Forteza, 1994. "On the Political Economy of the Welfare State," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0594, Department of Economics - dECON.
    3. María Inés Terra & Marcel Vaillant, 1994. "Cambios en el patrón de especialización regional. Viejas ventajas comparativas y nuevas economías de escala," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0894, Department of Economics - dECON.
    4. Rosario Domingo & Héctor Pastori & Tabaré Vera, 1994. "Comportamiento estratégico de las empresas industriales frente a la apertura," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0494, Department of Economics - dECON.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ari Kokko & Ruben Tansini & Mario Zejan, 1994. "Productivity spillovers from FDI in the Uruguayan manufacturing sector," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0194, Department of Economics - dECON.
    2. Marta Castilho & Soledad Zignago, 2000. "Commerce et IDE dans un cadre de régionalisation. Le cas du Mercosur," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(3), pages 761-774.
    3. Alvaro Forteza, 1994. "On the Political Economy of the Welfare State," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0594, Department of Economics - dECON.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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