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Welfare Potential of Zakat: An Attempt to Estimate Economy wide Zakat Collection in Pakistan

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  • Shaikh, salman Ahmed

Abstract

Islamic economics literature is rich in highlighting the welfare potential of Zakat, but very few empirical studies have undertaken the quantitative estimation of potential Zakat collection. In this study, we attempt to estimate potential Zakat collection at economy wide level to explore the welfare potential of the institution of Zakat. We attempt to estimate economy wide Zakat collection by including heads like Zakat on agriculture produce, value of livestock, tradable inventory, currency in circulation, foreign exchange reserves, estimated gold and silver deposits and financial assets like investments in National Savings Scheme (NSS), mutual funds, stock market capitalization, pension schemes and remunerative bank deposits. Our estimates suggest that approximately Zakat collection in Pakistan could reach 7% of total GDP and is sufficient for covering poverty gap in Pakistan. We also discuss that the institution of Zakat system can also have positive effects on flow of investment, promoting entrepreneurship culture and making capital markets and real estate markets more competitive. At the macroeconomic level, we also discuss the role of the institution of Zakat as a stabilizer.

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  • Shaikh, salman Ahmed, 2014. "Welfare Potential of Zakat: An Attempt to Estimate Economy wide Zakat Collection in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 68752, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:68752
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ahmed, Habib, 2004. "Role of Zakah and Awqaf in Poverty Alleviation (Occasional Paper)," Occasional Papers 201, The Islamic Research and Teaching Institute (IRTI).
    2. Nasim Shah Shirazi & Md. Fouad Bin Amin, 2009. "Poverty Elimination Through Potential Zakat Collection in the OIC-member Countries: Revisited," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 48(4), pages 739-754.
    3. Sohail J. Malik & Muhammad Hussain & Nasim S. Shirazi, 1994. "Role of Infaq in Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 33(4), pages 935-952.
    4. Muhammad Azam & Nasir Iqbal & Muhammad Tayyab, 2014. "Zakat and Economic Development: Micro and Macro Level Evidence from Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 3(2), pages 85-95, June.
    5. Shah Shirazi, Nasim, 2014. "Integrating Zakāt and Waqf into the Poverty Reduction Strategy of the IDB Member Countries," Islamic Economic Studies, The Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI), vol. 22, pages 79-108.
    6. M. Akram, Mian & Afzal, Muhammad, 2014. "Dynamic Role of Zakat in Alleviating Poverty: A Case Study of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 56013, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Islahi, Abdul Azim & Obaidullah, Mohammed, 2002. "Zakah on stocks: some unsettled issues," MPRA Paper 18631, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2003.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Syakir, Muhammad Fahmi & Risfandy, Tastaftiyan & Trinugroho, Irwan, 2021. "CEO’s social capital and performance of zakat institutions: Cross-country evidence," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(C).
    3. Maya Hammad, 2022. "Overview of Zakat practices around the world," Research Report 69, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Zakat; Welfare; Fiscal Policy; Public Finance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E6 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H3 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents

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