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Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Madagascar: Empirical evidence using the ARDL approach
[Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Madagascar: \\ Empirical evidence using the ARDL approach]

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  • Andrianady, Josué R.

Abstract

This study tests the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in Madagascar using time-series data from 1990 to 2015. Employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and Granger causality tests, we analyze the nexus between CO$_2$ emissions, economic growth, agricultural production, and trade openness. Results confirm a U-shaped EKC, with economic growth initially reducing emissions before increasing at higher income levels. Trade openness marginally reduces emissions, while agricultural production has no significant impact. Granger causality tests indicate that economic growth drives emissions. Policy recommendations include promoting trade in environmentally friendly goods and investing in clean energy to mitigate emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrianady, Josué R., 2025. "Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Madagascar: Empirical evidence using the ARDL approach [Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Madagascar: \\ Empirical evidence using the ARDL approach]," MPRA Paper 125625, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:125625
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Werner Antweiler & Brian R. Copeland & M. Scott Taylor, 2001. "Is Free Trade Good for the Environment?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(4), pages 877-908, September.
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    JEL classification:

    • A1 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy
    • Q5 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics

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